【【英语】河北省石家庄精英中学2019-2020学年高一下学期第一次调研试题（解析版）x】

河北省石家庄精英中学2019-2020学年

高一下学期第一次调研

英语试题

第I卷

一、阅读理解（共8小题;每小题2.5分;满分20分）

阅读下列短文 ，从每题所给的四个选项 （A 、B 、C 和 D ）中 ，选出最佳选项 ，并在题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

Canyon Rock Tours

South Rim Drive

(555) 602-7548

“A unique(独一无二的) look at the Grand Canyon from a geologists viewpoint.”

Let our professional(专业的) geologists give you the most informative(增长见闻的)

Grand Canyon tour available.

The Rocks

Learn about the amazing history of the Grand Canyon by looking at its many layers (层) of rock See trace fossils (遗迹化石)of animals and plants that lived millions of years ago. Touch Precambrian rocks that are 2 billion years old. Find out which minerals give the rock layers their colors of red, yellow, and green.

The Formations(组成)

Visit different rock formations and see how erosion (腐蚀) and weathering have shaped one of the world’s most beautiful canyons.

The Views

Enjoy your lunch break at Yavapai Observation Station. The station overlooks the canyon with a view that is breathtaking and unforgettable.

Tours depart (离开) every day, except Sunday, at 9 A.M. from the Grand Canyon Village Visitor Center. Tours return around 5 PM.

Cost is S30 per person.

Be sure to pack (打包) 2 lunch and bring plenty of drinking water.

This tour involves lots of hiking(远足) and requires some rock-climbing experience. Please dress in layers and wear comfortable shoes.

Note: Reservations(预定) are required at least two days in advance(提前) for groups of six or more.

1. What will tourists do on the tour?

A. Get some information about rock layers. B. Find out the age of the Grand Canyon.

C. See plants of different colors. D. Visit different zoos(动物园).

2. What do we know about the tour?

A. It lasts five hours.

B. Drinking water is provided.

C. Professional geologists are available.

D. Visitors should bring as few clothes as possible.

3. If a group of six people want to go on the tour, they______.

A. should pay 5200 B. should book early

C. can start out on Saturday D. can have a free lunch

4. Who would be most likely to take this tour?

A. People who dislike rock-climbing.

B. People who are interested in rocks.

C. People who want to see wild animals.

D. People who intend to hike across the Grand Canyon.

【答案】1. A 2. C 3. B 4. B

【分析】

这是一则旅游广告。这则广告介绍的是Canyon Rock Tours。

【1题详解】

细节理解题。根据The Rocks中Learn about the amazing history of the Grand Canyon by looking at its many layers (层) of rock See trace fossils (遗迹化石)of animals and plants that lived millions of years ago.“通过观察大峡谷的多层岩石了解其惊人的历史，可以看到生活在数百万年前的动植物化石。”由此可知，游客们在旅游时会获取一些关于岩层的信息。故选A。

【2题详解】

细节理解题。根据第一段中Let our professional(专业的) geologists give you the most informative(增长见闻的)Grand Canyon tour available.“让我们的专业地质学家为您提供最翔实的大峡谷之旅。”由此可知，专业地质学家是可用的。故选C。

【3题详解】

细节理解题。根据文章最后一句Note: Reservations(预定) are required at least two days in advance(提前) for groups of six or more.“六人或以上团体需提前至少两天预订。”可知，如果有六个人要去旅游，他们应该早点订票。故选B。

【4题详解】

推理判断题。根据The Rocks中Learn about the amazing history of the Grand Canyon by looking at its many layers (层) of rock See trace fossils (遗迹化石)of animals and plants that lived millions of years ago. “通过观察大峡谷的多层岩石了解其惊人的历史，可以看到生活在数百万年前的动植物化石。”由此可知，对岩石感兴趣的人最有可能参加这次旅行。故选B。

B

Mandy awoke in a kind of haze (迷糊) still dreary. She quickly looked out the window and noticed that the sky seemed brighter than usual. Then she looked at the clock. Oh, no! She had overslept(睡过头) by a half hour! Mandy jumped up and quickly washed her face, brushed her teeth, combed her hair, and threw on some clothes. She was supposed to be in school by now. When her mother had left early for work, she reminded Mandy to get up on time and get herself to school. Obviously, that had not worked out.

There was no time for breakfast. Mandy hurriedly poured a glass of orange juice and spilled (酒) some of it on her blouse(衬衣). She found a towel(毛巾) and quickly tried to clean it off as she dashed out the door. A few seconds later, she rushed back in for her backpack. Mandy dashed out again and half-walked，half-jogged the four blocks to school . She was still catching her breath in first period when she realized that she had left her homework on the desk in her bedroom.Mandy looked down and noticed that she was wearing mismatched(配错的) shoes. What else could possibly go wrong?

Between classes, Mandy was still in a rush, and she tripped(绊倒) on the steps and almost fell down the staircase(楼梯间). Somehow, she miraculously (奇迹般地) caught herself. Mandy tried to relax. She stood sill and tried to collect herself, but it didn’t really work. She could not figure out why she was in such a state.

Mandy had to borrow lunch money from Ryan, spilled milk on her blouse next to where she had spilled the orange juice and had trouble concentrating in class all afternoon. She felt lucky to get back home in one piece.Even though nothing had gone terribly wrong, she wanted to make sure tomorrow would be a better day. Just to be on the safe side, Mandy decided to set two alarms(闹钟).

5. Which best explains the author’s purpose for the text?

A. To record the day’s events in a journal.

B. To encourage readers to use alarm clocks.

C. To explain to readers why planing is important.

D. To entertain readers with a story about a girl’s misadventure(不幸遭遇).

6. How does this school day compare to most days for Mandy?

A. It is worse. B. It is a total disaster.

C. It is about the same. D. It is better than most.

7. Why does the author ask a question in the second paragraph?

A. To show Mandy’s inner thoughts.

B. To quote(引述) what Mandy asked in class.

C. To find out if the reader understands the text.

D. To show the type of question Mandy’s teacher gave her.

8. What lesson does Mandy learn?

A. Don’t delay necessary chores(日常事务).

B. It is important to wear clean clothes.

C. Too much preparation is better than too little.

D. There is no point in doing homework at the last moment.

【答案】5. D 6. A 7. A 8. C

【分析】

这是一篇记叙文。文章通过讲述Mandy上学时遭遇的一系列不顺心的故事，告诉我们“准备太多总比准备太少好。”

【5题详解】

推理判断题。根据第二段中A few seconds later, she rushed back in for her backpack. Mandy dashed out again and half-walked，half-jogged the four blocks to school . She was still catching her breath in first period when she realized that she had left her homework on the desk in her bedroom.Mandy looked down and noticed that she was wearing mismatched(配错的) shoes.“几秒钟后，她冲了回来——拿她的背包。曼迪又冲了出去，走了一半路，跑了一半路去学校。第一节课她还在喘着气，突然意识到她把作业忘在卧室的书桌上了。曼迪低下头，注意到她穿的鞋子不搭配。”和最后一段中Even though nothing had gone terribly wrong, she wanted to make sure tomorrow would be a better day. Just to be on the safe side, Mandy decided to set two alarms(闹钟).“尽管没有什么严重的问题，她还是想确保明天会是更好的一天。为了安全起见，曼迪决定设两个闹钟。”由此可知，作者用一个女孩不顺心的遭遇的故事来娱乐读者。故选D。

【6题详解】

推理判断题。根据第三段Between classes, Mandy was still in a rush, and she tripped(绊倒) on the steps and almost fell down the staircase(楼梯间). Somehow, she miraculously (奇迹般地) caught herself. Mandy tried to relax. She stood sill and tried to collect herself, but it didn’t really work. She could not figure out why she was in such a state.“课间，曼迪还在赶时间，她在台阶上绊了一跤，差点从楼梯上摔下来。不知怎的，她奇迹般地控制住了自己。曼迪试图放松一下。她站在窗台上，努力使自己镇定下来，但这并没有真正起作用。她不明白自己为什么会处于这种状态。”由此可知，和Mandy的大多数日子相比，这个学校的日子更糟糕。故选A。

【7题详解】

推理判断题。根据第二段中There was no time for breakfast. Mandy hurriedly poured a glass of orange juice and spilled (酒) some of it on her blouse(衬衣). She found a towel(毛巾) and quickly tried to clean it off as she dashed out the door. A few seconds later, she rushed back in for her backpack. Mandy dashed out again and half-walked ，half-jogged the four blocks to school . She was still catching her breath in first period when she realized that she had left her homework on the desk in her bedroom.“没有时间吃早饭。曼迪急忙倒了一杯橙汁，把一些洒在她的衬衫上。她找到了一条毛巾，冲出门时迅速地把它擦干净。几秒钟后，她冲了回来——拿她的背包。曼迪又冲了出去，走了一半路，跑了一半路去学校。当她意识到她把作业忘在卧室的书桌上时，她还在上第一节课。”由此可知，作者在第二段问了一个问题是为了来表达Mandy的内心想法。故选A。

【8题详解】

推理判断题。根据最后一段Mandy had to borrow lunch money from Ryan, spilled milk on her blouse next to where she had spilled the orange juice and had trouble concentrating in class all afternoon. She felt lucky to get back home in one piece .Even though nothing had gone terribly wrong, she wanted to make sure tomorrow would be a better day. Just to be on the safe side, Mandy decided to set two alarms(闹钟).“Mandy不得不向赖安借午餐钱，牛奶洒在了她的衬衫上，旁边就是她洒了橙汁的地方，她整个下午都无法集中注意力。能安然无恙地回到家，她感到很幸运。虽然一切都很顺利，但她还是希望明天会更好。为了安全起见，Mandy决定设两个闹钟。”由此可知，准备太多总比准备太少好。故选C。

二、完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A group of schoolchildren were on an outing on Sunday. Almost all of them were playing ball except Monty, who was seen as a bit____9____. He didn’t like fights, or sports, or anything really. He wouldn’t even ___10___ himself when they started hitting him! He was so___11___ that not even on that day of the outing did he play football with the others.The only___12___he kicked the ball that day, it ended up over in a little cave, in which they____13____ a wooden box containing an enormous book. The book was ___14___ a magical shine. The children ran to give it to the teacher. They all ____15____ to read it in class in the coming days.

The book was called The Great Gifts, and it had ____16____stories about great inventors, artists, wise writers and explorers. The children became more ____17____ the book. Finally, they reached the ___18___ page of the book. The teacher read:

“It’s said that before one is born, each heart is given a special ____19____. But sometimes there’s something ___20___. In those cases, the hearts fill up with a last gift which makes the person____21____. In many ways they can be____22____from everyone else. However, when their special gift is discovered, their ____23____ will become part of books like this one."

When the teacher closed the book there was a long ____24____ in the classroom, with nobody speaking. They all looked at Monty, and they____25____that he was just one of the special cases. They felt____26____ about having laughed at him before. From that day forward, never again did they try____27____ Monty. Instead, they all worked together to try to help him ____28____ his special gift.

9. A. happy B. foolish C. rude D. ugly

10. A. hurt B. excuse C. enjoy D. defend(保护)

11. A. brave B. energetic C. strange D. famous

12. A. time B. hope C. result D. reason

13. A. found B. made C. returned D. broke

14. A. cutting down B. giving off C. handing out D. putting down

15. A. refused B. protected C. failed D. agreed

16. A. puzzling B. crazy C. wonderful D. shocking

17. A. interested in B. satisfied with C. careful with D. upset about

18. A. new B. last C. next D. only

19. A. attention B. gift C. memory D. operation

20 A. useful B. active C. wrong D. smart

21. A. discourage B. fear C. uncomfortable D. unusual

22. A. different B. far C. free D. safe

23. A. troubles B. awards C. achievements(成就) D. purposes

24. A. speech B. discussion C. sign D. silence

25. A. proved B. understood C. expected D. remembered

26. A. sorry B. anxious C. sure D. careful

27. A. paying attention to B. getting close to C. making fun of D. taking care of

28. A. exam B. develop C. lose D. drop

【答案】9. B 10. D 11. C 12. A 13. A 14. C 15. D 16. C 17. A 18. B 19. B 20. C 21. D 22. A 23. C 24. D 25. B 26. A 27. C 28. B

【分析】

这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是有特殊天赋的Monty。别人嘲笑他，认为他有点傻。后来其他人理解了他，不再取笑他，相反，他们一起努力帮助他发展他的特殊天赋。

【9题详解】

考查形容词词义辨析。句意：几乎所有的人都在打球，除了蒙蒂，他被认为有点傻。A. happy高兴的；B. foolish愚蠢的；C. rude粗鲁的；D. ugly丑陋的。根据第1空后的He didn’t like fights, or sports, or anything really.可知，他有点“愚蠢”。故选B。

【10题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他们开始打他的时候，他甚至不为自己辩护! A. hurt 伤害；B. excuse原谅；C. enjoy喜爱；D. defend辩护，防护。根据空前后的内容He wouldn’t even和himself when they started hitting him!可知，他不为自己“辩护”。故选D。

【11题详解】

考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他很奇怪，甚至在郊游的那天他也没有和其他人一起踢足球。A. brave 勇敢的；B. energetic精力充沛的；C. strange奇怪的；D. famous著名的。根据空后的not even on that day of the outing did he play football with the others.可知，此处指他很“奇怪”。故选C。

【12题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：那天他唯一一次踢球时，球落在了一个小洞里，他们在洞里发现了一个木箱，里面装着一本很大的书。A. time时间；B. hope希望；C. result结果；D. reason理由。根据空后的he kicked the ball that day,可知，此处是the time引导的时间状语从句，故选A。

【13题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：那天他唯一一次踢球时，球落在了一个小洞里，他们在洞里发现了一个木箱，里面装着一本很大的书。A. found发现；B. made制造；C. returned归还；D. broke弄坏。根据空前后的it ended up over in a little cave和a wooden box containing an enormous book可知，此处指在山洞里“发现”了一个木制的箱子。故选A。

【14题详解】

考查动词词组。句意：这本书散发出一种神奇的光芒。孩子们跑过去把它交给老师。A. cutting down 砍到；B. giving off发出（光）；C. handing out分发，把……拿出来；D. putting down放下。动词词组give off表示发出光，而此处表示“发出”光芒，是抽象的概念。故选C。

【15题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们都同意在接下来的几天里在课堂上读它。A. refused拒绝；B. protected保护；C. failed 失败；D. agreed同意。根据空后的to read it in class in the coming days.可知，“同意”读它。故选D。

【16题详解】

考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这本书叫做《伟大的礼物》，里面有很多关于伟大的发明家、艺术家、睿智的作家和探险家的精彩故事。A. puzzling 令人疑惑的；B. crazy疯狂的；C. wonderful 极好的；D. shocking令人震惊的。根据空后的stories about great inventors, artists, wise writers and explorers.可知，此处指故事“精彩”。故选C。

【17题详解】

考查形容词词组。句意：孩子们对这本书更感兴趣了。A. interested in对……感兴趣；B. satisfied with对……感到满意；C. careful with小心，照顾；D. upset about对……烦恼。根据空前的The children became more可知，孩子们更“感兴趣”。故选A。

【18题详解】

考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最后，他们到了书的最后一页。A. new 新的；B. last最后的；C. next下一个；D. only仅仅。根据空前的Finally,可知，此处指读到书的“最后”一页。故选B。

【19题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：据说在一个人出生之前，每颗心都有一份特别的礼物。

　A. attention关注；B. gift礼物；C. memory记忆；D. operation手术。根据第20空后的the hearts fill up with a last gift可知，此处指特殊的“礼物”。故选B。

【20题详解】

考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但有时也会出问题。A. useful有用的；B. active 有活力的；C. wrong错误的；D. smart聪明的。根据空前的But sometimes there’s something可知，有时出现“问题”。故选C。

【21题详解】

考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在这种情况下，最后一份礼物会填满对方的心，让对方显得与众不同。A. discourage使气馁；B. fear害怕；C. uncomfortable不舒适的；D. unusual不寻常的。根据空前的the hearts fill up with a last gift which makes the person可知，此处指使对方“与众不同”。故选D。

【22题详解】

考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在许多方面，他们可能与其他人不同。A. different不相同的；B. far远的；C. free自由的；D. safe安全的。固定词组：be different from“与……不同”。此处指与其他人“不同”。故选A。

【23题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，当他们的特殊天赋被发现时，他们的成就将成为像这本书的一部分。A. troubles麻烦；B. awards奖项；C. achievements成就；D. purposes目的。根据空后的will become part of books like this one.此处指他们的“成就”。故选C。

【24题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：当老师合上书时，教室里沉默了很长一段时间，没有人说话。A. speech演讲；B. discussion 讨论；C. sign迹象，标志；D. silence沉默。根据空后的with nobody speaking可知，教室里一篇“沉默”。故选D。

【25题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们都看着蒙蒂，他们明白他只是一个特例。A. proved证明；B. understood明白，理解；C. expected期盼，预测；D. remembered记得。根据空后的he was just one of the special cases可知，他们“理解”蒙蒂。故选B。

【26题详解】

考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们为以前嘲笑过他而感到遗憾。A. sorry难过的；B. anxious焦虑的；C. sure确信的；D. careful细心的。根据第18空后的about having laughed at him before可知，他们为以前的行为而“遗憾”。故选A。

【27题详解】

考查动词词组。句意：从那天起，他们再也没有取笑过Monty。A. paying attention to重视；B. getting close to靠近；C. making fun of取笑；D. taking care of细心，照顾。根据空前的Instead, they all worked together to try to help him可知，他们再也没有“取笑”过他。故选C。

【28题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：相反，他们一起努力帮助他发展他的特殊天赋。A. exam考试；B. develop发展；C. lose丢失；D. drop下降。根据空后的his special gift.可知，“发展”他的特殊天赋。故选B。

第Ⅱ卷

三、结合语境写出划线词（组）在语境中的确切含义

29. He has a good command of the origins of life on earth. ____________

30. The fruit was often served at wedding feasts. ____________

31. Guests receive dinner on arrival at the hotel. ____________

32. Parents should values their children’s independence. ____________

33. The story has attracted worldwide attention. ____________

34. If you want to catch that train we’d better set off for the station immediately. ___________

35. It is considered a good quality to keep one’s word. ___________

36. It’s important to know your own strengths and weaknesses. ___________

37. If you cheat in the exam you’ll never get away with it. ___________

38. You shouldn’t have done it without consulting me. ____________

39. As of Feb 11, the confirmed cases on the Chinese mainland had reached 77,041. ________

40. Internationally, China has created a climate for collaboration (合作). ________

41. Many retail stores remain open to take advantage of the long weekend with sales.________

42. While many schools will go into session public schools are closed on Labor Day. ________

43 I used to stay up late with my mom and watch movies. ________

44. And they don’t even have a chance to say goodbye. ________

45. The festival dates back to the Han Dynasty (206 BC-AD 220). ________

46. There’s pretty strong evidence that this is a bat origin coronavirus. ________

47. Despite this, the continent is slowly starting to turn warm. ________

48. The "afternoon tea" culture spread and became a symbol of "taste".________

【答案】29. 起源 30. 盛宴 31. 到达 32. 独立 33. 广泛的

34. 出发，动身 35. 守信 36. 缺点，弱项 37. 被放过，做坏事不受惩罚

38. 商量 39. 自……起 40. 环境气氛 41. 利用 42. 尽管

43. 不睡觉；熬夜 44. 有机会做某事 45. 追溯到 46. 相当地，非常

47. 即使，尽管 48. 传播，蔓延

【29题详解】

句意：他很好地掌握了地球上生命的起源。此处指生命的“起源”。故划线词在语境中的确切含义是“起源”。

【30题详解】

句意：这种水果常在婚宴上供应。此处指在“婚宴”上。故划线词在语境中的确切含义是“盛宴”。

【31题详解】

句意：客人们一到饭店就开始用餐。此处on arrival指一“到达”宾馆。故划线词在语境中的确切含义是“到达”。

【32题详解】

句意：父母应该重视孩子的独立性。此处表示孩子的“独立性”。故划线词在语境中的确切含义是“独立性”。

【33题详解】

句意：这个故事引起了全世界的注意。此处是形容词修饰名词。这里指“广泛的”注意。故划线词在语境中的确切含义是“广泛的”。

【34题详解】

句意：如果你想赶上那班火车，我们最好马上动身去车站。此处set off指的是“出发，动身”。故划线词组在语境中的确切含义是“出发，动身”。

【35题详解】

句意：人们认为守信是一种好品质。固定搭配：keep one’s word“守信。遵守诺言”。故划线词组在语境中的确切含义是“守信”。

【36题详解】

句意：了解自己的长处和短处是很重要的。strengths and weaknesses“优势和劣势”。故划线词在语境中的确切含义是“缺点，弱项”。

【37题详解】

句意：如果你考试作弊，你永远也逃不掉惩罚。固定词组：get away with“侥幸成功”。故划线词组在语境中的确切含义是“被放过，做坏事不受惩罚”。

【38题详解】

句意：你不应该不征求我的意见就做这件事。句中consult的意思是“商量”。故划线词在语境中的确切含义是“商量”。

【39题详解】

句意：截至2月11日，中国大陆确诊病例已达77,041例。固定词组：As of“截止”。故划线词组在语境中的确切含义是“

【40题详解】

句意：在国际上，中国创造了合作的氛围。a climate for collaboration“合作氛围”。故划线词组在语境中的确切含义是“环境气氛”。

【41题详解】

句意：许多零售商店仍然营业，以利用长周末的销售时间。固定词组：take advantage of“利用”。故划线词组在语境中的确切含义是“利用”。

【42题详解】

句意：虽然许多学校将开学，但公共学校在劳动节放假。此处while的意思是“虽然，尽管”引导的让步状语从句。故划线词在语境中的确切含义是“虽然”。

【43题详解】

句意：我过去常常和妈妈一起熬夜看电影。固定词组：stay up“不睡觉，熬夜”。故划线词组在语境中的确切含义是“不睡觉，熬夜”。

【44题详解】

句意：他们甚至没有机会说再见。固定用法：have a chance to do sth.“有机会做某事”。故划线词在语境中的确切含义是“有机会做某事”。

【45题详解】

句意：这个节日可以追溯到汉朝(公元前206年-公元220年)。固定词组：date back to“追溯到”。故划线词组在语境中的确切含义是“追溯到”。

【46题详解】

句意：有力的证据表明这是一种起源于蝙蝠的冠状病毒。句中pretty是副词，意思是“相当地，非常”。故划线词组在语境中的确切含义是“相当地，非常”。

【47题详解】

句意：尽管如此，非洲大陆正在慢慢变暖。此处Despite是介词，意思是“尽管”。故划线词在语境中的确切含义是“即使，尽管”。

【48题详解】

句意：“下午茶”文化传播开来，成为“味”的象征。此处spread是动词，意思是“传播，蔓延”。故划线词在语境中的确切含义是“传播，蔓延”。

四、单词拼写（每空一词）

49. My mother has a ________________(均衡的)diet,which is of great benefit to her health.

50. We import(进口) ______________(未加工的) materials and energy and export(出口) mainly industrial products.

51. When I go on a_____________(节食), I eat only cucumbers, and that reduces my weight quickly.

52. Christmas is an very important ____________(宗教的) festival around the world.

53. The_______(窍门) is to bend your knees as you catch the ball.

54. He ________(获得) the gold medal through his painful struggle yesterday.

55. The student had no choice but to______________(道歉) to his teacher for the mistake.

56. You are not permitted to enter the house unless you ask the host’s______________(许可).

57. The school is widely____________(赞美) by its excellent teaching.

58. A medal was__________(授予) to the best spellers in the class.

【答案】49. balanced 50. raw 51. diet 52. religious 53. trick 54. gained

55. apologize 56. permission 57. admired 58. awarded

【49题详解】

考查形容词。句意：我母亲饮食均衡，这对她的健康大有好处。固定搭配：have a balanced diet“健康饮食”。此处是形容词修饰名词，balanced“均衡的”，再结合句意和所给汉语可知答案为balanced。

【50题详解】

考查形容词。句意：我们进口原材料和能源，主要出口工业产品。此处materials“材料”是名词，由形容词修饰，raw的意思是“未加工的”，再结合句意和所给汉语可知答案为raw。

【51题详解】

考查固定搭配。句意：当我节食的时候，我只吃黄瓜，这很快就减轻了我的体重。固定搭配：go on a diet“节食”。再结合句意和所给汉语可知答案为diet。

【52题详解】

考查形容词。句意：圣诞节是世界上一个非常重要的宗教节日。此处festival是名词，由形容词修饰，religious“宗教的”。再结合句意和所给汉语可知答案为religious。

【53题详解】

考查名词。句意：窍门是当你接球时弯曲你的膝盖。此处trick是名词，意思是“窍门”。再结合句意和所给汉语可知答案为trick。

【54题详解】

考查一般过去时态。句意：经过昨天的艰苦努力，他获得了金牌。根据yesterday可知句子用一般过去时态，gain是动词，意思是“获得”。再结合句意和所给汉语可知答案为gained。

【55题详解】

考查固定句式。句意：这个学生别无选择，只能向老师道歉。固定句式：have no choice but to do sth.“别无选择”。此处用动词不定式作but的宾语，且apologize是动词，意思是“道歉”。再结合句意和所给汉语可知答案为apologize。

【56题详解】

考查名词。句意：除非你征得主人的同意，否则你是不准进屋的。此处host’s是名词所有格，后面跟名词，permission是名词，意思是“许可”。再结合句意和所给汉语可知答案为permission。

【57题详解】

考查一般现在时态的被动语态。句意：这所学校因其出色的教学而广受赞誉。句子主语school和谓语动词之间是一种被动关系，是一般现在时态的被动语态。动词admire的意思是“赞美”。再结合句意和所给汉语可知答案为admired。

【58题详解】

考查一般过去时态的被动语态。句意：一枚奖章颁给了班上拼写最好的人。句子主语medal和谓语动词之间是一种被动关系，是一般过去时态的被动语态。动词award的意思是“授予”。再结合句意和所给汉语可知答案为awarded。

五、语法填空 （共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）

阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式。

Wang Peng earned his living by running a barbecue restaurant, ___59___ served delicious

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