音乐与舞蹈学,河北民歌幼儿园音乐教学中应用研究

　河北民歌在幼儿园音乐教学中的 应用研究

　学位申请人：

　指 导 教 师：

　学 位 类 别：

　同等学力硕士 学 科 专 业：

　音乐与舞蹈学 院 系 名 称：

　艺术学院 答 辩 日 期：

　摘

　要

　I 摘

　要 民歌是中国传统音乐文化的重要组成部分，而河北民歌是河北地区历史文化的积淀，是河北人民的生活写照，展现了河北的文化底蕴及地域特色。幼儿园音乐教学是人的音乐教育的启蒙阶段，通过音乐教学使幼儿贴近音乐“母语”、热爱音乐“母语”，对幼儿的音乐价值观形成与发展至关重要。将河北民歌应用于幼儿园音乐教育教学中，特别是应用于河北省及周边地区的幼儿园音乐教育教学，有助于更好地提高幼儿对传统音乐文化的感受力、表现力、想象力，激发幼儿热爱民族音乐、热爱祖国家乡、珍视传统文化的情感。

　通过调研显示，目前大多数幼儿园在音乐教育中缺乏对民歌教学的正确认识，缺少有效开展民歌教育所需的理论支撑和实践指导。本研究以河北民歌在幼儿园音乐教育中的应用情况为研究对象，选取河北省保定市、张家口市、唐山市、石家庄市等 4 个城市12 所幼儿园 261 名在职幼儿教师进行了问卷调查，对幼儿园开展民歌教学的情况进行了深入访谈及实地观察。基于现状调研，发现河北民歌在幼儿园音乐教育教学中存在的问题主要包括：教师的认知程度不足、教育目标定位模糊、教育活动组织形式单一、教育内容单调重复、教育开展动力不足等等。笔者提出了六点对策，包括：河北民歌在幼儿园音乐教学中应用的总体原则、提升幼儿教师教育理念与教学能力、分层教学因材施教、精选适宜的河北民歌音乐教学内容、运用丰富多元的教学方法、营造河北民歌音乐教育教学的外部环境。同时，笔者设计了具体的教学方案，为幼儿教师开展河北民歌音乐教育教学提供了样本。

　论文的研究基于理论与实践的结合，旨在为河北民歌在幼儿园音乐教育教学中的应用提供进一步的理论依据，为幼儿教师组织相关活动提供切合实际的参考，为幼儿传统音乐文化启蒙教育提供了进一步的学术维度与实践视角。

　关键词 幼儿园音乐教育

　河北民歌

　教学应用

　Abstract

　III Abstract Folk songs are an important part of Chinese traditional music culture, while Hebei folk songs are the accumulation of history and culture in Hebei and are a portrait of the life of the people of Hebei. Kindergarten music education is the enlightenment stage of people"s music education. Through music education pedagogy, bringing children close to the music "native language" and loving the music "native language" is very important for the formation and development of children"s music values. The application of Hebei folk songs in kindergarten music education and teaching, especially the kindergarten music education and teaching in Hebei Province and surrounding areas, will help improve children"s sensibility, expression and imagination of traditional music culture, and stimulate children love the folk music, love their hometown and motherland, and cherish the emotions of traditional culture. However, surveys show that most kindergartens still lack the correct understanding of Hebei folk songs and lack the theoretical support and practical guidance needed to effectively carry out Hebei folk songs teaching. In this study, the application of Hebei folk songs in kindergarten music education was taken as the research object. A questionnaire survey was conducted on 261 active preschool teachers in 21 kindergartens in 8 cities in Hebei Province. The study conducted in-depth interviews and field observations on the situation of folk song teaching in these kindergartens. Based on the current situation investigation, the concept and cognition of Hebei folk songs music teaching by preschool teachers, children"s acceptance of Hebei folk songs, the content of Hebei folk songs music teaching, the frequency of teaching activities, and the methods and methods of Hebei folk songs music teaching are fully understood. Combining with the analysis of the investigation of the current situation, the author puts forward six countermeasures, including: the general principles of Hebei Folk Songs in kindergarten music teaching, improving the educational concept and teaching ability of preschool teachers, teaching in accordance with their aptitude, and selecting suitable content , use rich and diverse teaching methods, create the external environment of Hebei folk song music education and teaching. At the same time, the author designed a specific teaching plan, and provided samples for preschool teachers to carry out Hebei folk song music education and teaching. The research of this thesis is based on the combination of theory and practice and aims to provide further theoretical basis for the application of Hebei folk songs in kindergarten music

　河北大学硕士学位论文 IV education and teaching, and to provide practical references for organizing related activities for preschool teachers. It also provides further academic dimension and practical perspective for children"s traditional music and cultural enlightenment education.

　Key words

　kindergarten music education

　Hebei folk songs

　teaching application

　目

　录

　V 目

　录 第一章

　绪论 ....................................................................................................... 1

　1.1

　课题来源与意义 ........................................................................................................ 1

　1.2

　国内外研究综述 ........................................................................................................ 1

　1.2.1

　国内研究 .......................................................................................................... 2

　1.2.2

　国外研究 .......................................................................................................... 4

　1.3

　研究内容 .................................................................................................................... 5

　1.4

　研究方法 .................................................................................................................... 6

　1.5

　创新点 ........................................................................................................................ 7

　第二章

　河北民歌在幼儿音乐教学中的意义与作用 ....................................... 8

　2.1

　河北民歌概述 ............................................................................................................ 8

　2.2

　幼儿园音乐教学的特点 ............................................................................................ 9

　2.3

　河北民歌在幼儿音乐教学中的意义及作用 .......................................................... 10

　第三章 河北民歌在幼儿园音乐教学中应用的现状分析 ............................... 12

　3.1

　幼儿教师的专业素质与教学观念 .......................................................................... 12

　3.2

　幼儿对河北民歌的接受程度 .................................................................................. 14

　3.3

　河北民歌教学的素材与内容 .................................................................................. 15

　3.4

　河北民歌教学的方法 .............................................................................................. 16

　第四章

　河北民歌在幼儿园音乐教学中应用的对策研究 ............................. 18

　4.1

　河北民歌在幼儿园音乐教学中应用的总体原则 .................................................. 18

　4.1.1

　原本性原则 .................................................................................................... 18

　4.1.2

　趣味性原则 .................................................................................................... 19

　4.1.3

　传承的“扬弃性”原则 .................................................................................... 19

　4.2

　提升幼儿教师的教学理念与教学能力 .................................................................. 20

　4.3

　分层教学、因材施教 .............................................................................................. 21

　4.3.1

　小班幼儿（3-4 岁）的教学 .......................................................................... 21

　4.3.2

　中班幼儿（4-5 岁）的教学 .......................................................................... 22

　河北大学硕士学位论文 VI 4.3.3

　大班幼儿（5-6 岁）的教学 .......................................................................... 23

　4.4

　选择适宜的河北民歌 .............................................................................................. 24

　4.4.1

　选择格调高雅、贴近生活的河北民歌 ........................................................ 24

　4.4.2

　选择能够调动幼儿学习热情的河北民歌 .................................................... 25

　4.4.3

　因地制宜，合理开发河北民歌 .................................................................... 25

　4.5

　运用综合性的教学方法 .......................................................................................... 26

　4.5.1

　与韵律教学活动的融合 ................................................................................ 26

　4.5.2

　与音乐欣赏教学活动的融合 ........................................................................ 27

　4.5.3

　与打击乐教学活动的融合 ............................................................................ 27

　4.6

　营造良好的教育教学外部环境 .............................................................................. 28

　第五章

　河北民歌在幼儿园音乐教学中的实践应用 ..................................... 30

　5.1

　河北民歌《牛儿谣》的教学设计 .......................................................................... 30

　5.2

　河北民歌《放风筝》的教学设计 .......................................................................... 35

　5.3

　河北民歌《对花》的教学设计 .............................................................................. 40

　结

　语 ................................................................................................................. 45

　参考文献 ............................................................................................................. 46

　附录 ..................................................................................................................... 49

　附录一

　调查问卷 ........................................................................................................... 49

　附录二

　访谈提纲 ........................................................................................................... 53

　附录三

　适合幼儿园应用的河北民歌摘选 ................................................................... 54

　第一章

　绪论 1 第一章

　绪论 1.1

　课题来源与意义 本课题是在导师指导下的自选题目。

　世界著名音乐教育家柯达伊提出，儿童从出生最先接触的是母语环境，只有让幼儿生活在母语环境中才能使幼儿深切的感受民族的情感、民族的文化、以及民族的历...

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