2023年21世纪大学英语读写教程第三册第6课内容解析60篇

21世纪大学英语读写教程第三册第6课内容解析1　　1.Youregoingtoheararadionewsreportaboutthedeathofastudent.Asyoulistentoit下面是小编为大家整理的2023年21世纪大学英语读写教程第三册第6课内容解析60篇,供大家参考。

21世纪大学英语读写教程第三册第6课内容解析1

　　1. You"re going to hear a radio news report about the death of a student. As you listen to it, you"ll be expected to fill in the missing information from the chart below. Before you listen, use your imagination to predict what the missing information might be.

　　A) Who was involved? Yohashi Yatsumoto, a student, aged _____ Hiro Takeda, _____, aged _____

　　B) What happened? _____ was killed when _____

　　C) Where and when? _____

　　d) Additional details:

　　_______________

　　2. What feelings do you think will be caused by the death reported in the passage — how must the family and friends of the dead student feel? What about the person responsible? What do you think the police should do?

21世纪大学英语读写教程第三册第6课内容解析2

　　Linda Weltner

　　My husband and I went to a funeral a few weeks ago. The man we honored had not been ill and will never grow old. He was killed in his car on a Sunday night, driving home along a divided highway.

　　It was an ordinary evening, no blacker than any other, when a car coming in the other direction went out of control, broke through the guard rail, and hit two other cars before smashing head on into his. According to the newspaper, the driver, who was returning from a wedding, seemed puzzled. "I only had two bottles of beer and a cocktail," she is reported to have said.

　　A wedding.

　　Followed by a funeral.

　　I wish she could have been there to see all the lives her act has changed forever, the wife, and four children, the extended family, the hundreds and hundreds of friends who sat in painful silence, listening to words which barely touched the depths of their grief.

　　Strange to think that, according to the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, this happens in America every 23 minutes.

　　Somebody drinks.

　　Somebody drives.

　　Somebody dies.

　　And other lives are altered forever, though sometimes the changes may be invisible to a casual observer. By chance, the day before the funeral I ran into a longtime acquaintance while shopping. He commented on my crutches. I asked if he had ever broken his leg.

　　"Uh, I have a long rod in this thigh," he said, "from a car accident two weeks after I came back from Vietnam."

　　"That"s ironic. To leave a war zone and then get injured," I teased him. "You"re lucky it wasn"t worse."

　　"Well, my wife was killed in the crash and so was the wife of the driver," he said uncomfortably. "We were hit by a drunk."

　　I"ve known this man for years, yet suddenly realized there was a whole chapter of his life he"d never mentioned. I asked and discovered he"d remained in the hospital seven weeks, and that all that time he"d known his wife was dead. It was hard to know where to go from there, for there are questions you can"t put to someone in a casual conversation — questions like, "How could you bear it?" or "What did you do about wanting revenge?"

　　I wish I knew the answers to those questions. I wish I could offer those answers to the woman who, overwhelmed by grief, could barely walk as she followed her husband"s coffin from the church.

　　Every 23 minutes, who dies?

　　A mother who will never comfort the child who needs her. A woman who will never know how very much her friends depended on her. A man whose contributions to his community would have made a difference. A wife whose husband cannot picture the future without her.

　　Every 23 minutes, who dies?

　　A son who involuntarily abandons his parents in their old age. A father who can never acknowledge his children"s accomplishments. A daughter who can never take back her angry words. A sister who will never be her sister"s maid of honor.

　　Every 23 minutes, who dies?

　　A brother who will not be there to hold his newborn niece. A friend whose encouragement is gone forever. A bride-to-be who will never say her vows. An aunt whose family will fragment and fall apart.

　　Every 23 minutes, who dies?

　　A child who will never fulfill his early promise. An uncle who leaves his children without guidance and support. A grandmother whose husband must now grow old alone. A lover who never had a chance to say how much he cared.

　　Every 23 minutes.

　　A void opens.

　　Someone looks across the table at a vacant chair; climbs into an empty bed, feels the pain of no voice, no touch, no love. Where there was once intimacy and contact, now there is only absence and despair.

　　Every 23 minutes

　　A heart breaks.

　　Someone"s pain shatters the confines of her body, leaking out in tears, exploding in cries, defying all efforts to soothe the despair. Sleep offers no escape from the nightmare of awakening. And morning brings only the irreversibility of loss.

　　Every 23 minutes.

　　A dream ends.

　　Someone"s future blurs and goes blank as anticipation fades into nothingness. The phone will not ring, the car will not pull up to the house. The weight of tomorrow becomes unbearable in a world in which all promises have been broken by force.

　　Every 23 minutes.

　　Somebody wants to run. Somebody wants to hide.

　　Somebody is left with hate. Somebody wants to die.

　　And we permit this to go on.

　　Every 23 minutes.

21世纪大学英语读写教程第三册第6课内容解析3

　　funeral

　　n. a ceremony of burying or burning a dead person 葬礼

　　* cocktail

　　n. 鸡尾酒

　　painful

　　a. causing an upsetting or unpleasant feeling; causing a feeling of discomfort in a particular part of the body 令人痛苦的;疼痛的.

　　crutch

　　n. T字形拐杖

　　rod

　　n. a long thin pole or bar 杆;棒条

　　* thigh

　　n. the top part of the human leg 大腿

　　zone

　　n. an area of particular qualities 地带，地区

　　injure

　　vt. hurt; offend 伤害，损害

　　injury

　　n. (to) harm, damage to a living thing (对生物的)伤害;损害

　　drunk

　　n. a person who habitually drinks too much alcohol 酗酒者，醉汉

　　a. overcome by drinking alcoholic liquor; (fig.) filled with excitement and joy 醉酒的;(喻)陶醉的

　　* revenge

　　n. (for, on) punishment given to sb. in return for harm done to oneself 复仇;报复

　　vt. do sth. to get satisfaction for (an offence, etc.); avenge (sb.) 报…之仇;为…报仇

　　involuntarily

　　ad. not (done) from choice or intention 非自愿地;非出于本意地

　　maid

　　n. 1. a female servant 女仆，保姆

　　2. (obsolete usage): a girl or (young) woman who is not married 少女，年轻女子

　　niece

　　n. 侄女;甥女

　　vow

　　n. a solemn promise or declaration 誓言

　　vt. declare or swear solemnly 立誓

　　fragment

　　vi. break or separate into small pieces 破碎;碎裂

　　n. a small piece from a larger whole 碎片

　　guidance

　　n. guiding or being guided; direction 引导;指导

　　vacant

　　a. 1. (of a place or space) empty; not filled with anything 空的;未被占用的

　　2. (of a job) not at present filled 空缺的

　　intimacy

　　n. the state of being in a close relationship 亲密;密切

　　intimate

　　a. 1. (of people) close in relationship 亲密的;密切的

　　2. personal; private 个人的;私人的

　　despair

　　n. complete lack or loss of hope 绝望

　　vi. (of) have lost all hope 绝望;失去希望

　　* shatter

　　vt. break (sth.) suddenly into small pieces; smash (sth.) 粉碎;砸碎

　　confines

　　n. (fml) limits; borders; boundaries (正式)界限;边界;范围

　　leak

　　v. 1. (使)渗漏

　　2. make known (使)泄露出去

　　n. 漏隙;漏出物

　　* defy

　　vt. disobey; fight against; show no fear or respect for 违抗;蔑视

　　* defiance

　　n. behaviour showing one"s disobedience to sb. or ignorance of sb. 违抗;蔑视

　　* soothe

　　vt. make less angry or upset; calm or comfort 抚慰;使*静

　　nightmare

　　n. an unpleasant and terrible dream 恶梦

　　irreversibility

　　n. a state of things which cannot be turned back, changed or improved 不可挽回;不可逆转

　　fade

　　vi. 1. (away) disappear or die gradually 逐渐消失

　　2. lose strength, colour, freshness, etc. 衰颓;褪色;凋谢

21世纪大学英语读写教程第三册第6课内容解析4

　　go out of control

　　be no longer under control 失去控制

　　smash into

　　hit forcefully against 猛地撞在…

　　head on

　　with the head or front parts meeting violently 迎面地，正面地

　　by chance

　　by accident; unintentionally 偶然地;意外地

　　comment on

　　make a remark or give an opinion on 评论;就…发表意见

　　make a difference

　　有影响;起作用

　　take back one"s words

　　admit that one was wrong in what one has said 收回说过的话

　　maid of honor

　　首席女傧相

　　[n.]-to-be

　　未来的…

　　fade into

　　gradually disappear and become (sth. of no importance) 逐渐消失而变成(无足轻重的东西)

　　pull up [to/at/in front of a place]

　　(of vehicles) drive up to and stop at (车辆)到达，驶入

21世纪大学英语读写教程第三册第6课内容解析60篇扩展阅读

21世纪大学英语读写教程第三册第6课内容解析60篇（扩展1）

——21世纪大学英语读写教程第三册第3课内容讲解60篇

21世纪大学英语读写教程第三册第3课内容讲解1

　　1. Before you listen to the passage, predict the words that are missing in the printed version of the passage. Then when you hear the passage, mark where you hear differences between your predictions and what"s actually on the tape. Don"t worry about writing down exactly what you hear — just note where you hear differences.

　　The sense of _____ dominates every modern culture to such an extent that most people never _____. Relying mainly on _____ seems so natural — how could a culture favor _____ instead? What would such a culture be like? It"s almost impossible to imagine. But _____ is in fact not as "natural" as we normally think. Although most humans are born with _____, no one is born knowing how to _____. We must learn _____, and many of the rules we learn vary _____. _____ is an excellent example: Before artists invented formal rules for portraying three dimensions, no one thought of distant objects as looking _____. If you doubt this, try explaining _____ to a young child.

　　2. If you had to lose one of your senses, which one would you choose to give up? And having lost it, what do you think you"d miss the most?

　　3. It"s common to speak of "the five senses" — but are there only five? Some researcher say that we all have and use other senses as well. What others can you think of?

21世纪大学英语读写教程第三册第3课内容讲解2

　　Rachel Carson

　　A child"s world is fresh and new and beautiful, full of wonder and excitement. It is our misfortune that, for most of us, that clear-eyed vision — that true instinct for what is beautiful and awe-inspiring — is dimmed and even lost before we reach *hood. If I had influence with the angels who are supposed to preside over all children, I would ask that their gift to each child in the world be a sense of wonder so indestructible that it would last throughout life.

　　If children are to keep alive their natural sense of wonder without any such gift from the angels, they need the companionship of at least one * who can share it, rediscovering with the child the joy, excitement and mystery of the world we live in. Parents often feel inadequate when confronted on the one hand with the eager, sensitive mind of a child and on the other with a world of complex physical nature. In a mood of self-defeat, they exclaim, "How can I possibly teach my child about nature — why, I don"t even know one bird from another!"

　　I sincerely believe that for children, and for parents seeking to guide them, it is not half so important to know as it is to feel. If facts are the seeds that later produce knowledge and wisdom, then the emotions and the impressions of the senses are the fertile soil in which the seeds must grow. The years of early childhood are the time to prepare the soil. Once the emotions have been aroused — a sense of the beautiful, the excitement of the new and the unknown, a feeling of sympathy, pity, admiration or love — then we wish for knowledge about the object of our emotional response. Once found, such knowledge has far more lasting meaning than mere information. It is more important to pave the way for children"s desire to know than to put them on a diet of facts they are not ready to assimilate.

　　Even if you feel you have little knowledge of nature at your disposal, there is still much you can do for your child. Wherever you are and whatever your resources, you can still look up at the sky — its dawn and evening beauties, its moving clouds, its stars by night. You can listen to the wind, whether it blows with majestic voice through a forest or sings a many-voiced chorus around the corners of your apartment building, and in the listening, you can gain magical release for your thoughts. You can still feel the rain on your face and think of its long journey from sea to air to earth, and wonder at the mysteries of natural selection embodied in the perfume and flavour of a fruit. Even if you are a city dweller, you can find some place, perhaps a park or a golf course, where you can observe the mysterious migrations of the birds and the changing seasons. And with your child you can ponder the mystery of a growing seed, even if it"s just one planted in a pot of earth in the kitchen window.

　　Exploring nature with your child is largely a matter of being open to what lies all around you. It is learning again to use your eyes, ears, nose and fingertips, opening up the disused channels of your senses. For most of us, knowledge of our world comes largely through sight, yet we look about with such unseeing eyes that we are partially blind. One way to open your eyes to unnoticed beauty is to ask yourself, "What if I had never seen this before? What if I knew I would never see it again?"

　　What is the value of preserving and strengthening this sense of awe and wonder, this recognition of something beyond the boundaries of human existence? Is the exploration of the natural world just a pleasant way to pass the golden hours of childhood or is there something deeper?

　　I am sure there is something much deeper, something lasting and significant. Those who dwell, as scientists or laypeople, among the beauties and mysteries of the earth are never alone or weary of life. Whatever the problems or concerns of their personal lives, their thoughts can find paths that lead to inner satisfaction and to renewed excitement in living. Those who contemplate the beauty of the earth find reserves of strength that will endure as long as life lasts. There is symbolic as well as actual beauty in the migration of the birds, the ebb and flow of the tides, the folded bud ready for the spring. There is something infinitely healing in the repeated refrains of nature — the assurance that dawn comes after night, and spring after the winter.

　　I like to remember the distinguished Swedish oceanographer, Otto Pettersson, who died a few years ago at the age of ninety-three, in full possession of his keen mental powers. His son has related in a recent book how intensely his father enjoyed every new experience, every new discovery concerning the world about him.

　　"He was an incurable romantic," the son wrote, "intensely in love with life and with the mysteries of the universe." When he realized he had not much longer to enjoy the earthly scene, Otto Pettersson said to his son: "What will sustain me in my last moments is an infinite curiosity as to what is to follow."

21世纪大学英语读写教程第三册第3课内容讲解3

　　misfortune

　　n. bad luck 不幸;灾祸

　　clear-eyed

　　a. 视力好的;目光炯炯的

　　awe-inspiring

　　a. 令人敬畏;令人惊叹的

　　dim

　　vt. make less bright or unable to see clearly 使…暗淡;使…看不清

　　a. (of a light) not bright; not easy to see 昏暗的;模糊的

　　* angel

　　n. 天使

　　* preside

　　vi. have authority or control; direct 负责;主持

　　inadequate

　　a. not good enough in quality, ability, size, etc. 不够格的;不能胜任的;不充分的

　　confront

　　vt. stand or meet face to face; bring face to face 面对;遭遇

　　mood

　　n. state of mind or feelings 心境，心情;情绪

　　sincerely

　　ad. 真诚地;忠实地

　　sincere

　　a. free from falseness; true and honest 忠实的;真诚的

　　arouse

　　vt. cause to become active; excite 唤醒;激发

　　rouse

　　vt. 1. cause to become active; excite (=arouse) 唤醒;激发

　　2. wake (sb.) up 唤醒，使醒来

　　mere

　　a. nothing more than 只不过的，仅仅的

　　* assimilate

　　vt. take in and make a part of oneself; absorb 使同化;吸收

　　disposal

　　n. the act of getting rid of sth.; the power or right to use sth. freely 处理;支配

　　dispose

　　vt. 1. put in place; set in readiness 布置;配置

　　2. cause to have a tendency (to do sth.) 使有倾向;使愿意

　　majestic

　　a. showing power and greatness; dignified and impressive 雄伟的，威严的

　　* majesty

　　n. 1. greatness; a show of power as of a king or queen 雄伟;庄重;君王尊严

　　2. [M-] 陛下(对帝王、王后等的尊称)

　　* chorus

　　n. 1. a song sung by many singers together 合唱曲

　　2. a group of singers singing together 合唱队

　　selection

　　n. the act of selecting; sb. or sth. that is selected 选择;被选出的人(或物)

　　* embody

　　vt. 1. represent (a quality, idea, etc.) in a physical form 体现;使具体化

　　2. contain, include 包含

　　* perfume

　　n. 1. a sweet or pleasant smell 芳香，香气

　　2. 香水

　　flavo(u)r

　　n. a taste; a special quality 味道;风味;特色

　　vt. give a particular taste to 给…调味

　　migration

　　n. the movement of a group (often of animals, birds, etc.) from one area to another 迁移;移居;(鸟类等的)迁徒

　　* migrate

　　vi. 1. (of animals) travel regularly to a different area according to the seasons of the year (动物的)迁徒

　　2. change one"s place of living; move from one place to another, especially to find work 迁移;(农业季节工人等)外出找工作

　　* migrant

　　n. 迁移动物;移居者;农业季节工人

　　* ponder

　　vt. think about carefully; consider 沉思;考虑

　　strengthen

　　vt. make stronger 加强，强化

　　awe

　　n. a feeling of respect mixed with fear and wonder 敬畏;惊叹

　　recognition

　　n. the act of recognizing; the state of being recognized 认同;认出;承认

　　* weary

　　a. very tired; bored 疲倦的;厌倦的

　　reserve

　　n. anything kept for later use 储备物

　　vt. 1. keep for a special purpose 保留;储备

　　2. (AmE) book (美)预订

　　* reservation

　　n. 1. doubt or uncertainty, esp. when one"s agreement with sth. is in some way limited 保留;保留意见

　　2. (AmE) booking; reserved seat or accommodation 预定;预定的座席(或住处等)

　　symbolic(al)

　　a. 象征性的

　　symbol

　　n. (of) a sign, shape or object which represents a person, idea or an item 象征;标志;符号

　　ebb

　　n. a flowing of the tide away from the shore 退潮，落潮

　　tide

　　n. the regular rise and fall of the ocean, caused by the attraction of the Moon 潮汐

　　* bud

　　n. a small swelling on a plant that will grow into a flower, leaf, or branch 牙;花蕾

　　* heal

　　v. (cause to) become sound or healthy again 治愈;痊愈

　　infinitely

　　ad. 无穷地，无限地

　　* finite

　　a. having an end or a limit 有限的

　　* refrain

　　n. a part of a song that is repeated, esp. at the end of each verse (歌曲中的)叠歌，副歌

　　vi. (from) hold oneself back (from) 忍住;克制

　　oceanographer

　　n. 海洋学家

　　possession

　　n. 1. the act or state of possessing or being possessed 拥有;具有

　　2. (often pl.) personal property [常复数]所有物;

　　keen

　　a. 1. good, strong, quick at understanding 敏锐的"

　　2. (on, to) eager or anxious to do sth. 热切的

　　intensely

　　ad. greatly or extremely; strongly 极度地;强烈地

　　intense

　　a. great or extreme; strong 极度的;强烈的

　　intensity

　　n. 1. 强烈，剧烈

　　2. 强度，烈度

　　concerning

　　prep.(fml) about; with regard to; in connection with 关于

　　earthly

　　a. of this world as opposed to heaven; material rather than spiritual 尘世的，世俗的

21世纪大学英语读写教程第三册第3课内容讲解4

　　preside over

　　direct (a commi* or other formal group of people); have or exercise control or authority over (sth.) 主持(委员会等);掌管(某事)

　　wish for

　　have a desire for; long for 想要;希望得到

　　pave the way (for)

　　make smooth or easy (for); be a preparation (for) 为…铺*道路;为…作准备

　　at sb."s disposal

　　available for one to use as one wishes 由某人支配或使用

　　wonder at

　　be surprised by or curious about 对…感到惊讶

　　natural selection

　　the theory developed by Charles Darwin that plants and animals best suited to the conditions around them survive while those not suited to the conditions die out 自然选择(指生物界适者生存不适者被淘汰的现象)

　　a matter of sth./doing sth.

　　a question of; an instance or a case of 一个…的问题;一件…的事

　　open up

　　make or become open or accessible 打开;开放

　　be weary of

　　be tired of; be bored with 对…感到厌倦

　　look about

　　look around; examine the place or state of affairs 扫视四周;观察(事态)

　　be in possession of

　　have in one"s possession; maintain control over 拥有;控制

　　as to

　　about; concerning 关于;有关

21世纪大学英语读写教程第三册第6课内容解析60篇（扩展2）

——21世纪大学英语读写教程第三册第3课内容讲解 (菁选3篇)

21世纪大学英语读写教程第三册第3课内容讲解1

　　1. Before you listen to the passage, predict the words that are missing in the printed version of the passage. Then when you hear the passage, mark where you hear differences between your predictions and what"s actually on the tape. Don"t worry about writing down exactly what you hear — just note where you hear differences.

　　The sense of _____ dominates every modern culture to such an extent that most people never _____. Relying mainly on _____ seems so natural — how could a culture favor _____ instead? What would such a culture be like? It"s almost impossible to imagine. But _____ is in fact not as "natural" as we normally think. Although most humans are born with _____, no one is born knowing how to _____. We must learn _____, and many of the rules we learn vary _____. _____ is an excellent example: Before artists invented formal rules for portraying three dimensions, no one thought of distant objects as looking _____. If you doubt this, try explaining _____ to a young child.

　　2. If you had to lose one of your senses, which one would you choose to give up? And having lost it, what do you think you"d miss the most?

　　3. It"s common to speak of "the five senses" — but are there only five? Some researcher say that we all have and use other senses as well. What others can you think of?

21世纪大学英语读写教程第三册第3课内容讲解2

　　Rachel Carson

　　A child"s world is fresh and new and beautiful, full of wonder and excitement. It is our misfortune that, for most of us, that clear-eyed vision — that true instinct for what is beautiful and awe-inspiring — is dimmed and even lost before we reach adulthood. If I had influence with the angels who are supposed to preside over all children, I would ask that their gift to each child in the world be a sense of wonder so indestructible that it would last throughout life.

　　If children are to keep alive their natural sense of wonder without any such gift from the angels, they need the companionship of at least one adult who can share it, rediscovering with the child the joy, excitement and mystery of the world we live in. Parents often feel inadequate when confronted on the one hand with the eager, sensitive mind of a child and on the other with a world of complex physical nature. In a mood of self-defeat, they exclaim, "How can I possibly teach my child about nature — why, I don"t even know one bird from another!"

　　I sincerely believe that for children, and for parents seeking to guide them, it is not half so important to know as it is to feel. If facts are the seeds that later produce knowledge and wisdom, then the emotions and the impressions of the senses are the fertile soil in which the seeds must grow. The years of early childhood are the time to prepare the soil. Once the emotions have been aroused — a sense of the beautiful, the excitement of the new and the unknown, a feeling of sympathy, pity, admiration or love — then we wish for knowledge about the object of our emotional response. Once found, such knowledge has far more lasting meaning than mere information. It is more important to pave the way for children"s desire to know than to put them on a diet of facts they are not ready to assimilate.

　　Even if you feel you have little knowledge of nature at your disposal, there is still much you can do for your child. Wherever you are and whatever your resources, you can still look up at the sky — its dawn and evening beauties, its moving clouds, its stars by night. You can listen to the wind, whether it blows with majestic voice through a forest or sings a many-voiced chorus around the corners of your apartment building, and in the listening, you can gain magical release for your thoughts. You can still feel the rain on your face and think of its long journey from sea to air to earth, and wonder at the mysteries of natural selection embodied in the perfume and flavour of a fruit. Even if you are a city dweller, you can find some place, perhaps a park or a golf course, where you can observe the mysterious migrations of the birds and the changing seasons. And with your child you can ponder the mystery of a growing seed, even if it"s just one planted in a pot of earth in the kitchen window.

　　Exploring nature with your child is largely a matter of being open to what lies all around you. It is learning again to use your eyes, ears, nose and fingertips, opening up the disused channels of your senses. For most of us, knowledge of our world comes largely through sight, yet we look about with such unseeing eyes that we are partially blind. One way to open your eyes to unnoticed beauty is to ask yourself, "What if I had never seen this before? What if I knew I would never see it again?"

　　What is the value of preserving and strengthening this sense of awe and wonder, this recognition of something beyond the boundaries of human existence? Is the exploration of the natural world just a pleasant way to pass the golden hours of childhood or is there something deeper?

　　I am sure there is something much deeper, something lasting and significant. Those who dwell, as scientists or laypeople, among the beauties and mysteries of the earth are never alone or weary of life. Whatever the problems or concerns of their personal lives, their thoughts can find paths that lead to inner satisfaction and to renewed excitement in living. Those who contemplate the beauty of the earth find reserves of strength that will endure as long as life lasts. There is symbolic as well as actual beauty in the migration of the birds, the ebb and flow of the tides, the folded bud ready for the spring. There is something infinitely healing in the repeated refrains of nature — the assurance that dawn comes after night, and spring after the winter.

　　I like to remember the distinguished Swedish oceanographer, Otto Pettersson, who died a few years ago at the age of ninety-three, in full possession of his keen mental powers. His son has related in a recent book how intensely his father enjoyed every new experience, every new discovery concerning the world about him.

　　"He was an incurable romantic," the son wrote, "intensely in love with life and with the mysteries of the universe." When he realized he had not much longer to enjoy the earthly scene, Otto Pettersson said to his son: "What will sustain me in my last moments is an infinite curiosity as to what is to follow."

21世纪大学英语读写教程第三册第3课内容讲解3

　　misfortune

　　n. bad luck 不幸;灾祸

　　clear-eyed

　　a. 视力好的;目光炯炯的

　　awe-inspiring

　　a. 令人敬畏;令人惊叹的

　　dim

　　vt. make less bright or unable to see clearly 使…暗淡;使…看不清

　　a. (of a light) not bright; not easy to see 昏暗的;模糊的

　　* angel

　　n. 天使

　　* preside

　　vi. have authority or control; direct 负责;主持

　　inadequate

　　a. not good enough in quality, ability, size, etc. 不够格的;不能胜任的;不充分的

　　confront

　　vt. stand or meet face to face; bring face to face 面对;遭遇

　　mood

　　n. state of mind or feelings 心境，心情;情绪

　　sincerely

　　ad. 真诚地;忠实地

　　sincere

　　a. free from falseness; true and honest 忠实的;真诚的

　　arouse

　　vt. cause to become active; excite 唤醒;激发

　　rouse

　　vt. 1. cause to become active; excite (=arouse) 唤醒;激发

　　2. wake (sb.) up 唤醒，使醒来

　　mere

　　a. nothing more than 只不过的，仅仅的

　　* assimilate

　　vt. take in and make a part of oneself; absorb 使同化;吸收

　　disposal

　　n. the act of getting rid of sth.; the power or right to use sth. freely 处理;支配

　　dispose

　　vt. 1. put in place; set in readiness 布置;配置

　　2. cause to have a tendency (to do sth.) 使有倾向;使愿意

　　majestic

　　a. showing power and greatness; dignified and impressive 雄伟的，威严的

　　* majesty

　　n. 1. greatness; a show of power as of a king or queen 雄伟;庄重;君王尊严

　　2. [M-] 陛下(对帝王、王后等的尊称)

　　* chorus

　　n. 1. a song sung by many singers together 合唱曲

　　2. a group of singers singing together 合唱队

　　selection

　　n. the act of selecting; sb. or sth. that is selected 选择;被选出的人(或物)

　　* embody

　　vt. 1. represent (a quality, idea, etc.) in a physical form 体现;使具体化

　　2. contain, include 包含

　　* perfume

　　n. 1. a sweet or pleasant smell 芳香，香气

　　2. 香水

　　flavo(u)r

　　n. a taste; a special quality 味道;风味;特色

　　vt. give a particular taste to 给…调味

　　migration

　　n. the movement of a group (often of animals, birds, etc.) from one area to another 迁移;移居;(鸟类等的)迁徒

　　* migrate

　　vi. 1. (of animals) travel regularly to a different area according to the seasons of the year (动物的)迁徒

　　2. change one"s place of living; move from one place to another, especially to find work 迁移;(农业季节工人等)外出找工作

　　* migrant

　　n. 迁移动物;移居者;农业季节工人

　　* ponder

　　vt. think about carefully; consider 沉思;考虑

　　strengthen

　　vt. make stronger 加强，强化

　　awe

　　n. a feeling of respect mixed with fear and wonder 敬畏;惊叹

　　recognition

　　n. the act of recognizing; the state of being recognized 认同;认出;承认

　　* weary

　　a. very tired; bored 疲倦的;厌倦的

　　reserve

　　n. anything kept for later use 储备物

　　vt. 1. keep for a special purpose 保留;储备

　　2. (AmE) book (美)预订

　　* reservation

　　n. 1. doubt or uncertainty, esp. when one"s agreement with sth. is in some way limited 保留;保留意见

　　2. (AmE) booking; reserved seat or accommodation 预定;预定的座席(或住处等)

　　symbolic(al)

　　a. 象征性的

　　symbol

　　n. (of) a sign, shape or object which represents a person, idea or an item 象征;标志;符号

　　ebb

　　n. a flowing of the tide away from the shore 退潮，落潮

　　tide

　　n. the regular rise and fall of the ocean, caused by the attraction of the Moon 潮汐

　　* bud

　　n. a small swelling on a plant that will grow into a flower, leaf, or branch 牙;花蕾

　　* heal

　　v. (cause to) become sound or healthy again 治愈;痊愈

　　infinitely

　　ad. 无穷地，无限地

　　* finite

　　a. having an end or a limit 有限的

　　* refrain

　　n. a part of a song that is repeated, esp. at the end of each verse (歌曲中的)叠歌，副歌

　　vi. (from) hold oneself back (from) 忍住;克制

　　oceanographer

　　n. 海洋学家

　　possession

　　n. 1. the act or state of possessing or being possessed 拥有;具有

　　2. (often pl.) personal property [常复数]所有物;

　　keen

　　a. 1. good, strong, quick at understanding 敏锐的"

　　2. (on, to) eager or anxious to do sth. 热切的

　　intensely

　　ad. greatly or extremely; strongly 极度地;强烈地

　　intense

　　a. great or extreme; strong 极度的;强烈的

　　intensity

　　n. 1. 强烈，剧烈

　　2. 强度，烈度

　　concerning

　　prep.(fml) about; with regard to; in connection with 关于

　　earthly

　　a. of this world as opposed to heaven; material rather than spiritual 尘世的，世俗的

21世纪大学英语读写教程第三册第6课内容解析60篇（扩展3）

——21世纪大学英语读写教程第三册第6课内容解析 (菁选3篇)

21世纪大学英语读写教程第三册第6课内容解析1

　　Linda Weltner

　　My husband and I went to a funeral a few weeks ago. The man we honored had not been ill and will never grow old. He was killed in his car on a Sunday night, driving home along a divided highway.

　　It was an ordinary evening, no blacker than any other, when a car coming in the other direction went out of control, broke through the guard rail, and hit two other cars before smashing head on into his. According to the newspaper, the driver, who was returning from a wedding, seemed puzzled. "I only had two bottles of beer and a cocktail," she is reported to have said.

　　A wedding.

　　Followed by a funeral.

　　I wish she could have been there to see all the lives her act has changed forever, the wife, and four children, the extended family, the hundreds and hundreds of friends who sat in painful silence, listening to words which barely touched the depths of their grief.

　　Strange to think that, according to the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, this happens in America every 23 minutes.

　　Somebody drinks.

　　Somebody drives.

　　Somebody dies.

　　And other lives are altered forever, though sometimes the changes may be invisible to a casual observer. By chance, the day before the funeral I ran into a longtime acquaintance while shopping. He commented on my crutches. I asked if he had ever broken his leg.

　　"Uh, I have a long rod in this thigh," he said, "from a car accident two weeks after I came back from Vietnam."

　　"That"s ironic. To leave a war zone and then get injured," I teased him. "You"re lucky it wasn"t worse."

　　"Well, my wife was killed in the crash and so was the wife of the driver," he said uncomfortably. "We were hit by a drunk."

　　I"ve known this man for years, yet suddenly realized there was a whole chapter of his life he"d never mentioned. I asked and discovered he"d remained in the hospital seven weeks, and that all that time he"d known his wife was dead. It was hard to know where to go from there, for there are questions you can"t put to someone in a casual conversation — questions like, "How could you bear it?" or "What did you do about wanting revenge?"

　　I wish I knew the answers to those questions. I wish I could offer those answers to the woman who, overwhelmed by grief, could barely walk as she followed her husband"s coffin from the church.

　　Every 23 minutes, who dies?

　　A mother who will never comfort the child who needs her. A woman who will never know how very much her friends depended on her. A man whose contributions to his community would have made a difference. A wife whose husband cannot picture the future without her.

　　Every 23 minutes, who dies?

　　A son who involuntarily abandons his parents in their old age. A father who can never acknowledge his children"s accomplishments. A daughter who can never take back her angry words. A sister who will never be her sister"s maid of honor.

　　Every 23 minutes, who dies?

　　A brother who will not be there to hold his newborn niece. A friend whose encouragement is gone forever. A bride-to-be who will never say her vows. An aunt whose family will fragment and fall apart.

　　Every 23 minutes, who dies?

　　A child who will never fulfill his early promise. An uncle who leaves his children without guidance and support. A grandmother whose husband must now grow old alone. A lover who never had a chance to say how much he cared.

　　Every 23 minutes.

　　A void opens.

　　Someone looks across the table at a vacant chair; climbs into an empty bed, feels the pain of no voice, no touch, no love. Where there was once intimacy and contact, now there is only absence and despair.

　　Every 23 minutes

　　A heart breaks.

　　Someone"s pain shatters the confines of her body, leaking out in tears, exploding in cries, defying all efforts to soothe the despair. Sleep offers no escape from the nightmare of awakening. And morning brings only the irreversibility of loss.

　　Every 23 minutes.

　　A dream ends.

　　Someone"s future blurs and goes blank as anticipation fades into nothingness. The phone will not ring, the car will not pull up to the house. The weight of tomorrow becomes unbearable in a world in which all promises have been broken by force.

　　Every 23 minutes.

　　Somebody wants to run. Somebody wants to hide.

　　Somebody is left with hate. Somebody wants to die.

　　And we permit this to go on.

　　Every 23 minutes.

21世纪大学英语读写教程第三册第6课内容解析2

　　funeral

　　n. a ceremony of burying or burning a dead person 葬礼

　　* cocktail

　　n. 鸡尾酒

　　painful

　　a. causing an upsetting or unpleasant feeling; causing a feeling of discomfort in a particular part of the body 令人痛苦的;疼痛的.

　　crutch

　　n. T字形拐杖

　　rod

　　n. a long thin pole or bar 杆;棒条

　　* thigh

　　n. the top part of the human leg 大腿

　　zone

　　n. an area of particular qualities 地带，地区

　　injure

　　vt. hurt; offend 伤害，损害

　　injury

　　n. (to) harm, damage to a living thing (对生物的)伤害;损害

　　drunk

　　n. a person who habitually drinks too much alcohol 酗酒者，醉汉

　　a. overcome by drinking alcoholic liquor; (fig.) filled with excitement and joy 醉酒的;(喻)陶醉的

　　* revenge

　　n. (for, on) punishment given to sb. in return for harm done to oneself 复仇;报复

　　vt. do sth. to get satisfaction for (an offence, etc.); avenge (sb.) 报…之仇;为…报仇

　　involuntarily

　　ad. not (done) from choice or intention 非自愿地;非出于本意地

　　maid

　　n. 1. a female servant 女仆，保姆

　　2. (obsolete usage): a girl or (young) woman who is not married 少女，年轻女子

　　niece

　　n. 侄女;甥女

　　vow

　　n. a solemn promise or declaration 誓言

　　vt. declare or swear solemnly 立誓

　　fragment

　　vi. break or separate into small pieces 破碎;碎裂

　　n. a small piece from a larger whole 碎片

　　guidance

　　n. guiding or being guided; direction 引导;指导

　　vacant

　　a. 1. (of a place or space) empty; not filled with anything 空的;未被占用的

　　2. (of a job) not at present filled 空缺的

　　intimacy

　　n. the state of being in a close relationship 亲密;密切

　　intimate

　　a. 1. (of people) close in relationship 亲密的;密切的

　　2. personal; private 个人的;私人的

　　despair

　　n. complete lack or loss of hope 绝望

　　vi. (of) have lost all hope 绝望;失去希望

　　* shatter

　　vt. break (sth.) suddenly into small pieces; smash (sth.) 粉碎;砸碎

　　confines

　　n. (fml) limits; borders; boundaries (正式)界限;边界;范围

　　leak

　　v. 1. (使)渗漏

　　2. make known (使)泄露出去

　　n. 漏隙;漏出物

　　* defy

　　vt. disobey; fight against; show no fear or respect for 违抗;蔑视

　　* defiance

　　n. behaviour showing one"s disobedience to sb. or ignorance of sb. 违抗;蔑视

　　* soothe

　　vt. make less angry or upset; calm or comfort 抚慰;使*静

　　nightmare

　　n. an unpleasant and terrible dream 恶梦

　　irreversibility

　　n. a state of things which cannot be turned back, changed or improved 不可挽回;不可逆转

　　fade

　　vi. 1. (away) disappear or die gradually 逐渐消失

　　2. lose strength, colour, freshness, etc. 衰颓;褪色;凋谢

21世纪大学英语读写教程第三册第6课内容解析3

　　go out of control

　　be no longer under control 失去控制

　　smash into

　　hit forcefully against 猛地撞在…

　　head on

　　with the head or front parts meeting violently 迎面地，正面地

　　by chance

　　by accident; unintentionally 偶然地;意外地

　　comment on

　　make a remark or give an opinion on 评论;就…发表意见

　　make a difference

　　有影响;起作用

　　take back one"s words

　　admit that one was wrong in what one has said 收回说过的话

　　maid of honor

　　首席女傧相

　　[n.]-to-be

　　未来的…

　　fade into

　　gradually disappear and become (sth. of no importance) 逐渐消失而变成(无足轻重的东西)

　　pull up [to/at/in front of a place]

　　(of vehicles) drive up to and stop at (车辆)到达，驶入

21世纪大学英语读写教程第三册第6课内容解析60篇（扩展4）

——21世纪大学英语读写教程第三册第1单元课文讲解60篇

21世纪大学英语读写教程第三册第1单元课文讲解1

　　A common misconception among youngsters attending school is that their teachers were child prodigies. Who else but a bookworm, with none of the normal kid"s tendency to play rather than study, would grow up to be a teacher anyway?

　　I"ve tried desperately to explain to my students that the image they have of me as an enthusiastic devotee of books and homework during my adolescence was a bit out of focus. On the contrary, I hated compulsory education with a passion. I could never quite accept the notion of having to go to school while the fish were biting.

　　But in my sophomore year, something beautiful and exciting happened. Cupid aimed his arrow and struck me right in the heart. All at once, I enjoyed going to school, if only to gaze at the lovely face in English II.

　　My princess sat near the pencil sharpener, and that year I ground up enough pencils to fuel a campfire. Alas, Debbie was far beyond my wildest dreams. We were separated not only by five rows of desks, but by about 50 I.Q. points. She was the top student in English II, the apple of Mrs. Larrivee"s eye.

　　Occasionally, Debbie would catch me staring at her, and she would flash a smile that radiated intelligence and quickened my heartbeat. It was a smile that signaled hope and made me temporarily forget the intellectual gulf that separated us.

　　I schemed desperately to bridge that gulf. And one day, as I was passing the supermarket, an idea came to me. A sign in the window announced that the store was offering the first volume of a set of encyclopedias at the special price of 29 cents. The remaining volumes would cost $2.49 each.

　　I purchased Volume I — Aardvark to Asteroid — and began my venture into the world of knowledge. I would henceforth become a seeker of facts. I would become Chief Brain in English II and sweep my princess off her feet with a surge of erudition. I had it all planned.

　　My first opportunity came one day in the cafeteria line. I looked behind me and there she was.

　　"Hi," she said.

　　After a pause, I wet my lips and said, "Know where anchovies come from?"

　　She seemed surprised. "No, I don"t."

　　I breathed a sigh of relief. "The anchovy lives in salt water and is rarely found in fresh water." I had to talk fast, so that I could get all the facts in before we reached the cash register. "Fishermen catch anchovies in the Mediterranean Sea and along the Atlantic coast near Spain and Portugal."

　　"How fascinating," said Debbie, shaking her head in disbelief. It was obvious that I had made quite an impression.

　　A few days later, during a fire drill, I casually went up to her and asked, "Ever been to the Aleutian Islands?"

　　"Never have," she replied.

　　"Might be a nice place to visit, but I certainly wouldn"t want to live there," I said.

　　"Why not?" said Debbie, playing right into my hands.

　　"Well, the climate is forbidding. There are no trees on any of the 100 or more islands in the group. The ground is rocky and very little plant life can grow on it."

　　"I don"t think I"d even care to visit," she said.

　　The fire drill was over and we began to file into the building, so I had to step it up to get the natives in. "The Aleuts are short and sturdy and have dark skin and black hair. They live on fish, and they trap blue foxes and seals for their valuable fur."

　　Debbie"s eyes widened in amazement.

　　One day I was browsing through the library. I spotted Debbie sitting at a table, absorbed in a crossword puzzle. She was frowning, apparently stumped on a word. I leaned over and asked if I could help.

　　"Four-letter word for Oriental female servant," Debbie said.

　　"Try amah," I said, quick as a flash.

　　Debbie filled in the blanks, then turned to stare at me in amazement. "I don"t believe it," she said. "I just don"t believe it."

　　And so it went, that glorious, joyous, romantic sophomore year. Debbie seemed to relish our little conversations and hung on my every word. Naturally, the more I read, the more my confidence grew.

　　In the classroom, too, I was gradually making my presence felt. One day, during a discussion of Coleridge"s "The Ancient Mariner", we came across the word albatross.

　　"Can anyone tell us what an albatross is?" asked Mrs. Larrivee.

　　My hand shot up. "The albatross is a large bird that lives mostly in the ocean regions below the equator, but may be found in the north Pacific as well. The albatross measures as long as four feet and has the greatest wingspread of any bird. It feeds on fish and shellfish. The albatross has an enormous appetite, and when it"s full it has trouble getting into the air again."

　　There was a long silence in the room. Mrs. Larrivee couldn"t quite believe what she had just heard. I sneaked a look at Debbie and gave her a big wink. She beamed proudly and winked back.

　　What I failed to perceive was that Debbie all this while was going steady with a junior from a neighboring school — a basketball player with a C+ average. The revelation hit me hard, and for a while I felt like forgetting everything I had learned. I had saved enough money to buy Volume II — Asthma to Bullfinch — but was strongly tempted to invest in a basketball instead.

　　I felt not only hurt, but betrayed. Like Agamemnon, but with less drastic consequences, thank God.

　　In time I recovered from my wounds. The next year Debbie moved from the neighborhood and transferred to another school. Soon she became no more than a memory.

　　Although the original incentive was gone, I continued poring over the encyclopedias, as well as an increasing number of other books. Having tasted of the wine of knowledge, I could not now alter my course. For:

　　"A little knowledge is a dangerous thing:

　　Drink deep, or taste not the Pierian spring."

　　So wrote Alexander Pope, Volume XIV — Paprika to Pterodactyl.

21世纪大学英语读写教程第三册第1单元课文讲解2

　　prodigy

　　n. a person who has unusual and very noticeable abilities, usually at an early age 奇才;天才

　　child prodigy

　　an unusually clever child 神童

　　bookworm

　　n. a person devoted to reading 极爱读书者;书呆子

　　devotee

　　n. a person strongly devoted to sth. or sb. 热爱…者;献身于…的人

　　adolescence

　　n. 青春期

　　* compulsory

　　a. required by law or a rule 义务的;强制的

　　compel

　　vt. oblige or force (sb.) to do sth. 强迫;强求

　　passion

　　n. a strong, deep, often uncontrollable feeling 热情;激情

　　gaze

　　vi. look fixedly 注视;凝视

　　princess

　　n. 1. 理想中的女友;心目中追求的女友

　　2. (oft, cap.) a female member of the royal family, usually the daughter of a king or queen or the wife of a prince [常大写]公主;王妃

　　prince

　　n. 1. 少女理想中的未婚者，白马王子

　　2. a male member of the royal family, especially the son of a king or queen 王子;亲王

　　3. (usu. sing.) (among, of) a very great, successful or powerful man of some stated kind [常单数](喻)大王;巨头;名家

　　sharpener

　　n. 卷笔刀;卷笔器

　　campfire

　　n. a wood fire made in the open air by campers 营火，冓火

　　quicken

　　v. (cause to) speed up 加快

　　scheme

　　v. make plans (for); plan in a deceitful way 计划;谋划

　　n. 1. a formal, official or business plan 计划;规划

　　2. a clever, dishonest plan 阴谋，诡计

　　volume

　　n. 1. one of a set of books of the same kind (一套书的)一册;一卷

　　2. (of) 体积;容积

　　encyclop(a)edia

　　n. a book or set of books dealing with a wide range of information presented in alphabetical order 百科全书

　　aardvark

　　n. 土豚，非洲食蚁兽

　　asteroid

　　n. 小行星;海星

　　* henceforth

　　ad. from this time onwards 自此以后

　　hence

　　ad. 1. for this reason, therefore 因此，所以

　　2. from this time on 今后，从此

　　erudition

　　n. learning acquired by reading and study 博学;学问

　　* cafeteria

　　n. a self-service restaurant 自助餐厅

　　anchovy

　　n. 凤尾鱼

　　sigh

　　n. the act or sound of sighing 叹息(声);叹气(声)

　　reliefn. feeling of comfort at the end of anxiety, fear, or pain (焦虑等的)解除;宽慰

　　casually

　　ad. in a relaxed way 随便地;漫不经心地

　　casual

　　a. relaxed; not formal 随便的;漫不经心的;非正式的

　　* sturdy

　　a. physically strong 强壮的

　　seal

　　n. 1. 海豹

　　2. 印记，印章

　　vt. 1. 盖章于

　　2. 封，密封

　　widen

　　v. make or become wider 加宽;变宽

　　* browse

　　v. casually look or search, e.g. in a shop, in a library, at a book, etc., with no specific aim or object in mind 浏览

　　crossword

　　n. (= crossword puzzle) 纵横字谜，纵横填字游戏

　　frown

　　vi. contract the brows, as in displeasure or deep thought 皱眉头

　　* stump

　　vt. put an unanswerable question to; puzzle 把…难住;使为难

　　* oriental

　　a. of, from or concerning Asia 东方的

　　amah

　　n. 阿妈(印度等一些东方国家的奶妈、女佣或保姆)

　　glorious

　　a. having or deserving glory; very delightful and enjoyable 荣耀的;令人愉快的

　　joyous

　　a. full of or causing joy 充满欢乐的;令人高兴的

　　romantic

　　a. 1. (of sth.) beautiful in a way that strongly affects one"s feelings 有浪漫色彩的

　　2. (of sb.) showing strong feelings of love 多情的;浪漫的

　　3. being unrealistic or unpractical 不切实际的

　　* relish

　　vt. get pleasure out of; enjoy greatly 从…获得乐趣;很喜爱

　　confidence

　　n. belief in one"s own or another"s ability 信心

　　mariner

　　n. (obsolete) a sailor 〈废〉水手

　　marine

　　a. 1. of ships and their goods and trade at sea 航海的;海事的

　　2. of, near, living in, or obtained from the sea 海洋的.;海生的;海产的

　　n. 水兵

　　albatross

　　n. 信天翁

　　wingspread

　　n. the distance between the tips of a pair of fully spread wings 翼幅

　　shellfish

　　n. 贝壳类动物

　　shell

　　n. 1. the hard covering of a sea creature, egg, fruit, seed, etc. 动物的壳(如贝壳、蛹壳等)，蛋壳;果壳;荚

　　2. the outside frame of a building (房屋的)框架;骨架

　　appetite

　　n. 1. one"s desire to eat and one"s feeling about how much to eat 食欲，胃口

　　2. (for) a strong desire 欲望;爱好

　　beam

　　vi. shine brightly; smile warmly 照耀;(面)露喜色;满脸堆笑

　　n. 1. 微笑;喜色

　　2. 光束

　　perceive

　　vt. notice; be conscious of 注意到;感觉;察觉

　　* revelation

　　n. the act of revealing sth., usually of great significance 揭示;暴露

　　asthma

　　n. 气喘，哮喘

　　bullfinch

　　n. 红腹灰雀

　　invest

　　vi. put money into sth. with the expectation of profit or other advantage 投资

　　investment

　　n. 1. 投资;投资额

　　2. the spending of (time, energy, etc.) to make sth. successful (时间、精力等的)投入

　　* betray

　　vt. be disloyal or unfaithful to 出卖，背叛

　　* drastic

　　a. strong, violent or severe 激烈的;迅猛的

　　consequence

　　n. (usu. pi.) the result or effect of an action or condition [常复数]结果;后果

　　* incentive

　　n. encouragement to greater activity; motivating factor; stimulus 鼓励;刺激

　　paprika

　　n. 红灯笼辣椒

　　pterodactyl

　　n. 翼手龙

21世纪大学英语读写教程第三册第1单元课文讲解3

　　out of focus

　　not shar* defined 焦点没对准;模糊的

　　beyond one"s wildest dreams

　　(in a way that is) better than what one expected or hoped for 超过某人所期望的(地);出乎某人意料的(地)

　　the apple of sb."s eye

　　a person or thing that is the main object of sb."s love and attention 某人的掌上明珠;宝贝

　　sweep sb. off his/her feet

　　make sb. feel suddenly and strongly attracted to you in a romantic way 使某人倾心

　　get sth. in

　　manage to say sth. about a subject 设法说完

　　play into sb."s hands

　　do something which gives sb. an advantage 干对某人有利的事

　　file into

　　enter in a single line 鱼贯进入

　　step up

　　(infml) increase the size or speed of 〈口〉加快;增加

　　hang on sb."s words

　　listen very carefully to 倾听;注意地听

　　feed on

　　eat habitually 以…为食物;靠…为生

　　go steady with

　　date sb. regularly and exclusively 仅与(同一异性)经常约会

　　invest in

　　1. buy (sth.) with the expectation of profit or some other kind of advantage 投资于

　　2. (infml) 〈口〉买

　　in time

　　1. eventually 经过一段时间后;最终

　　2. at or before the right or necessary time 及时

　　pore over

　　study or give close attention to 钻研;专心阅读

21世纪大学英语读写教程第三册第6课内容解析60篇（扩展5）

——21世纪大学英语读写教程第二册第2单元内容详解60篇

21世纪大学英语读写教程第二册第2单元内容详解1

　　First Listening

　　Before listening to the tape, have a quick look at the following blanks to prepare yourself to listen for the figures.

　　1. As you listen to the passage the first time, fill these blanks with the words you hear:

　　Asians and Asian Americans make up only _____ of the US population, but they come up to ____ of the undergraduates at Harvard, _____ at MIT, ______ at Yale and _____ at Berkeley.

　　Second Listening

　　Read the following words first to prepare yourself to answer them to the best of your ability.

　　Talent effort money concentration ambition intelligence pressure sacrifice discrimination tradition

　　2. Why are these statistics "amazing"? And what do you think the explanation is?

21世纪大学英语读写教程第二册第2单元内容详解2

　　Fox Butterfield

　　Kim-Chi Trinh was just nine when her father used his savings to buy a passage for her on a fishing boat that would carry her from Vietnam. It was a heartbreaking and costly sacrifice for the family, placing Kim-Chi on the small boat, among strangers, in hopes that she would eventually reach the United States, where she would get a good education and enjoy a better life.

　　It was a hard journey for the little girl, and full of risks. Long before the boat reached safety, the supplies of food and water ran out. When Kim-Chi finally made it to the US, she had to cope with a succession of three foster families. But when she graduated from San Diego"s Patrick Henry High School in 1988, she had straight A"s and scholarship offers from some of the most prestigious universities in the country.

　　"I have to do well," says the 19-year-old, now a second-year student at Cornell University. "I owe it to my parents in Vietnam."

　　Kim-Chi is part of a wave of bright, highly - motivated Asian - Americans who are suddenly surging into our best colleges. Although Asian - Americans make up only 2.4 percent of the nation"s population, they constitute 17.1 percent of the undergraduates at Harvard, 18 percent at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and 27.3 percent at the University of California at Berkeley.

　　Why are Asian - Americans doing so well? Are they grinds, as some stereotypes suggest? Do they have higher IQs? Or can we learn a lesson from them about values we have long treasured but may have misplaced — like hard work, the family and education?

　　Not all Asians are doing equally well; poorly - educated Cambodian refugee children, for instance, often need special help. And many Asian - Americans resent being labeled a "model minority," feeling that this is reverse discrimination by white Americans — a contrast to the laws that excluded most Asian immigrants from the US until 1965, but prejudice nevertheless.

　　The young Asians" achievements have led to a series of fascinating studies. Perhaps the most disturbing results come from the research carried out by a University of Michigan psychologist, Harold W. Stevenson, who has compared more than 7,000 students in kindergarten, first grade, third grade and fifth grade in Chicago and Minneapolis with counterparts in Beijing, Taipei and Sendai. On a battery of math tests, the Americans did worst at all grade levels.

　　Stevenson found no differences in IQ. But if the differences in performance are showing up in kindergarten, it suggests something is happening in the family, even before the children get to school.

　　It is here that various researchers" different studies converge: Asian parents are motivating their children better. "The bottom line is, Asian kids work hard," Stevenson says.

　　The real question, then, is how Asian parents imbue their offspring with this kind of motivation. Stevenson"s study suggests a critical answer. When asked why they think their children do well, most Asian parents said "hard work." By contrast, American parents said "talent."

　　"From what I can see," criticizes Stevenson, "we"ve lost our faith in the idea that we can all get ahead in life through hard work. Instead, Americans now believe that some kids have what it takes and some don"t. So we start dividing up classes into‘fast learners’and‘slow learners’, whereas the Chinese and Japanese feel all children can succeed in the same curriculum."

　　This belief in hard work is the first of three main factors contributing to Asian students" outstanding performance. It springs from Asians" common heritage of Confucianism, the philosophy of the 5th-century-BC Chinese sage whose teachings have had a profound influence on Chinese society. One of Confucius"s primary teachings is that through effort, people can perfect themselves.

　　Confucianism provides another important ingredient in the Asians" success as well. In Confucian philosophy, the family plays a central role — an orientation that leads people to work for the honor of the family, not just for themselves. One can never repay one"s parents, and there"s a sense of obligation or even guilt that is as strong a force among Asians as Protestant philosophy is in the West.

　　There"s yet another major factor in this bond between Asian parents and their children. During the 15 years I lived in China, Japan, and Vietnam, I noticed that Asian parents establish a closer physical tie to their infants than most parents in the United States. When I let my baby daughter crawl on the floor, for example, my Chinese friends were horrified and rushed to pick her up. We think this constant attention is old-fashioned or even unhealthy, but for Asians, it"s highly effective.

　　Can we learn anything from the Asians? "I"m not naive enough to think everything in Asia can be transplanted," says Stevenson. But he offered three recommendations.

　　"To start with," he says, "we need to set higher standards for our kids. We wouldn"t expect them to become professional athletes without practicing hard."

　　Second, American parents need to become more committed to their children"s education, he declares. "Being understanding when a child doesn"t do well isn"t enough." Stevenson found that Asian parents spend more time helping their children with homework or writing to their teachers than American parents do.

　　And, third, our schools could be reorganized in simple but effective ways, says Stevenson. Nearly 90 percent of Chinese youngsters say they actually enjoy school, and 60 percent can"t wait for school vacations to end. This is a vastly more positive attitude than youngsters in The US express. One reason may be that students in China and Japan typically have a break after each class, helping them to relax and to increase their attention spans.

　　"I don"t think Asians are any smarter," says Don Lee, an Asian-American student at Berkeley. "There are brilliant Americans in my chemistry class. But the Asian students work harder. I see a lot of wasted potential among the Americans."

21世纪大学英语读写教程第二册第2单元内容详解3

　　excel

　　v. (at) be the beat or better others (at sth.) 胜过他人

　　savings

　　n. money saved, esp. in a bank 积蓄;存款

　　heartbreaking

　　a. which causes great sorrow 令人悲痛的，令人心碎的

　　costly

　　a. expensive, costing a lot of money 代价高昂的;昂贵的

　　sacrifice

　　n. loss or giving up of sth. of value, esp. for what is believed to be a good purpose 牺牲

　　vt. 牺牲

　　risk

　　n. (of) a danger;sth. that might have undesirable results 危险;风险

　　vt. place in a dangerous situation 使遭受危险;冒…的风险

　　cope

　　vi. (with) deal successfully (with a difficult situation) (妥善地)应付或处理

　　succession

　　n. a series or the act of following one after the other (前后相接的)一系列，一连串;连续

　　successive

　　a. following each other closely 接连的，连续的，相继的

　　*foster

　　a. *的;寄养的

　　vt. 收养;照料

　　scholarship

　　n. 1. 奖学金

　　2. 学识;学术成就

　　owe

　　vt. (to) 1. have sth. (usually sth. good) because of 把…归功于

　　2. have to pay, for sth. already done or given 欠

　　owing

　　a. (to) still to be paid 未付的，欠着的

　　motivate

　　vt. (often pass.) 1. provide (sb.) with a (strong) need, purpose or reason for doing sth. [常被动] 激发…的积极性

　　2. 使有动机

　　*surge

　　vi. move, esp. forward, in or like powerful waves (如浪潮般) 汹涌;奔腾

　　n. (感情等的)洋溢或奔放

　　constitute

　　vt. 1. form or make up 形成;构成

　　2. formally establish or appoint 组建;选派

　　constitution

　　n. 1. the act of establishing, making, or setting up;constituting 制定;设立;组成

　　2. (often cap.) [常大写] 宪法;法规;章程

　　*constitutional

　　a. allowed or limited by a political constitution 宪法规定的;合乎宪法的

　　grind

　　n. (AmE, often derog.) a student who is always working (美)[常贬义]用功的学生，书呆子

　　vt. 磨;磨碎

　　*stereotype

　　n. a fixed pattern which is believed to represent a type of person or event 固定形式，老套

　　misplace

　　vt. 1. lose (sth.),usu. for only a limited time (暂时)丢弃

　　2. put in an unsuitable or wrong place 把…放错地方

　　refugee

　　n. sb. who has been forced to leave their country for political reason or during a war 难民;流亡者

　　*resent

　　vt. feel anger and dislike about sth. 对…表示愤恨

　　label

　　vt. 1. describe as belonging to a particular kind or class 把…称为;把…列为

　　2. 加标签于;用标签标明

　　n. 标签

　　minority

　　n. 1. a small part of a population which is different from others in race, religion, etc. 少数民族;少数派

　　2. the small number or part;less than half 少数

　　minor

　　a. 较少的，较小的

　　*discrimination

　　n. 1. the practice of unfairly treating sb. or sth. 区别对待;歧视

　　2. the ability to recognize the difference between two things 识别力;辨别力

　　reverse discrimination

　　the making of distinctions in favour of groups considered disadvantaged or underprivileged 逆向歧视，反其道而行之的歧视

　　*discriminate

　　v. 1. (against, in favor of) unfairly treat one person or group worse or better than others 有差别地对待

　　2. see or make a difference between things or people 区别，辨别，区分

　　contrast

　　n. (to, with) a strong difference between two people, objects or situations 对比;对照

　　v. examine (two things) in order to find or show differences 对比;对照

　　exclude

　　vt. keep out from a place or an activity 阻止…进入;把…排斥在外

　　exclusion

　　n. the act of excluding or fact of being excluded 拒绝;排斥

　　exclusive

　　a. (of) not taking into account;without;excluding 不算;不包括;把…排斥在外

　　exclusively

　　ad. only;and nothing/no one else 排斥其他地;专有地;单独地

　　immigrant

　　n. a person who has come to live in a country from abroad 移民;侨民

　　prejudice

　　n. unfair and usually unfavorable feeling or opinion about a group—e.g.a nationality or race 歧视;偏见;成见

　　series

　　n. 1. (of) a set or group of things of the same kind or related in some way, coming one after another or in order 系列;连接

　　2. 丛书;广播(或电视)系列节目

　　fascinating

　　a. having great attraction or charm 吸引人的.;迷人的

　　*fascinate

　　vt. (with) charm powerfully;be very interesting to 强烈地吸引;迷住

　　disturbing

　　a. causing worry or fright 令人不安的;令人烦恼的

　　disturb

　　vt. 1. break the peace or order of 扰乱;打扰

　　2. cause to become anxious or upset 使心神不安;使烦恼

　　*disturbance

　　n. 1. an act of disturbing or the state of being disturbed 打扰;扰乱

　　2. sth. that disturbs 造成干扰的事物

　　kindergarten

　　n. a school or class for young children, usu. between the ages of four and six 幼儿园

　　*counterpart

　　n. a person or thing that has the same purpose or does the same job as another in a different system 对应的人(或物);对手(方)

　　battery

　　n. 1. (of) a set or number of things of the same kind occurring in rapid succession 一组;一系列

　　2. 电池(组)

　　*converge

　　vi. (of two or more things) come together towards the same point (在一点上)会合;集中

　　the bottom line

　　the basic point 基本要点

　　imbue

　　v. (with)(usu. pass.) to fill with (sth., often a strong feeling or opinion) [常被动]灌输(某种强烈的情感或意见)

　　*offspring

　　n. a child or children from particular parents 子女;后代

　　critical

　　a. 1. providing a careful judgment of the good and bad qualities of sth. 判断(或评价)审慎的

　　2. 批判的

　　3. 关键的

　　criticize (-cise)

　　v. 1. make judgments about the good or bad points of 评论

　　2. judge with disapproval;point out the faults of 批评;指责

　　criticism

　　n. unfavorable judgment or expression of disapproval 批评;指责

　　curriculum

　　n. the program of study offered in a school, college, etc. 课程，大纲

　　factor

　　n. any of the facts, conditions, influences, etc. that act with others to bring about a result 因素，要素

　　outstanding

　　a. 1. better than others, very good 杰出的;优秀的

　　2. easily seen, important 显要的;重要的

　　*heritage

　　n. a tradition, custom, or quality which is passed down over many years within a family, social group, or nation and which is thought of as belonging to all its members 继承物，遗产;传统

　　philosophy

　　n. 哲学

　　sage

　　n. sb., esp. an old man or historical person, known for his wisdom and long experience 圣贤;哲人

　　primary

　　a. 1. chief, main 主要的

　　2. earliest in time or order of development 最初的

　　ingredient

　　n. 1. one of the essential parts of a situation 因素;要素

　　2. 成分

　　central

　　a. 1. chief, main, of greatest importance 主要的，最重要的

　　2. being (at, in, or near) the center (位居)中心的

　　*orientation

　　n. a direction or position 取向;方位;定位

　　*repay

　　vt. reward;pay back 偿还;回报

　　obligation

　　n. sth. that one must do out of a duty or promise 义务;责任

　　guilt

　　n. 1. the feelings produced by knowledge or belief that one has done wrong 内疚

　　2. the fact of having broken a moral rule or official law 罪(行)

　　bond

　　n. 1. sth. that unites two or more people, or groups, such as a shared feeling or interest 联结;联系

　　2. 公债，债券

　　3. 合约

　　crawl

　　vi. & n. 爬(行)

　　horrify

　　vt. shock greatly;fill with horror 吓;使感惊骇

　　unhealthy

　　a. 1. likely to cause illness or poor health 有碍健康的

　　2. not very strong or well, often ill 体弱多病的，不结实的，不健康的

　　*naivea. 1. too willing to believe or trust 轻信的

　　2. without experience (as of social rules or behaviour), esp. because one is young 幼稚的;天真的

　　*transplant

　　vt. move sth. from one place and plant, settle or establish elsewhere 移植;移居

　　recommendation

　　n. 1. suggestion, piece of advice 建议

　　2. 推荐信

　　vacation

　　n. (esp. AmE) holiday 假期;休假

　　vastly

　　ad. 1. very greatly 非常大地

　　2. 广阔地

　　vast

　　a. 1. very large and wide 广阔的;广大的

　　2. great in amount 大量的

　　positive

　　a. 1. (of people) sure, having no doubt about sth. 无疑问的;确定的

　　2. certain, beyond any doubt 肯定的

　　3. (of a statement) direct 正面的

　　span

　　n. 1. the length of time over which a stated thing continues or works well 持续时间

　　2. 跨度;跨距

　　attention span

　　a length of time over which one can concentrate 注意力的持续时间

　　Phrases and Expressions

　　make it (to) (a place)

　　succeed in getting (to) (a place) 成功抵达某地

　　owe to

　　have (sth. good) because of 把…归功于…

　　imbue with

　　(use. pass.) fill (sb), with (sth.), esp. a strong feeling or opinion [常被动] 向…灌输…

　　by contrast

　　very differently (from sth. previously mentioned);on the other hand 对比之下

　　get ahead

　　be successful in one"s career 获得成功;出头

　　have what it takes

　　(infml.) have the qualifications necessary for success 具备取得成功的必要条件

　　spring from

　　be a product or result of;originate from 发源于;来自

　　can"t wait (for sth.)

　　be excited about and eager (for sth.) 迫不及待，等不及

21世纪大学英语读写教程第三册第6课内容解析60篇（扩展6）

——21世纪大学英语第四册Unit6课文详析读写教程60篇

21世纪大学英语第四册Unit6课文详析读写教程1

　　Nancy Gibbs

　　It turns out that a scientist can see the future by watching four-year-olds interact with a marshmallow. The researcher invites the children, one by one, into a plain room and begins the gentle torment. You can have this marshmallow right now, he says. But if you wait while I run an errand, you can have two marshmallows when I get back. And then he leaves.

　　Some children grab for the treat the minute he"s out the door. Some last a few minutes before they give in. But others are determined to wait. They cover their eyes; they put their heads down; they sing to themselves; they try to play games or even fall asleep. When the researcher returns, he gives these children their hard-earned marshmallows. And then, science waits for them to grow up.

　　By the time the children reach high school, something remarkable has happened. A survey of the children"s parents and teachers found that those who as four-year-olds had enough self-control to hold out for the second marshmallow generally grew up to be better adjusted, more popular, adventurous, confident and dependable teenagers. The children who gave in to temptation early on were more likely to be lonely, easily frustrated and stubborn. They could not endure stress and shied away from challenges. And when some of the students in the two groups took the Scholastic Aptitude Test, the kids who had held out longer scored an average of 210 points higher.

　　When we think of brilliance we see Einstein, deep-eyed, woolly haired, a thinking machine with skin and mismatched socks. High achievers, we imagine, were wired for greatness from birth. But then you have to wonder why, over time, natural talent seems to ignite in some people and dim in others. This is where the marshmallows come in. It seems that the ability to delay gratification is a master skill, a triumph of the reasoning brain over the impulsive one. It is a sign, in short, of emotional intelligence. And it doesn"t show up on an IQ test.

　　For most of this century, scientists have worshipped the hardware of the brain and the software of the mind; the messy powers of the heart were left to the poets. But cognitive theory could sim* not explain the questions we wonder about most: why some people just seem to have a gift for living well; why the smartest kid in the class will probably not end up the richest; why we like some people virtually on sight and distrust others; why some people remain upbeat in the face of troubles that would sink a less resilient soul. What qualities of the mind or spirit, in short, determine who succeeds?

　　The phrase "emotional intelligence" was coined by Yale psychologist Peter Salovey and the University of New Hampshire"s John Mayer five years ago to describe qualities like understanding one"s own feelings, empathy for the feelings of others and "the regulation of emotion in a way that enhances living." Their notion is about to bound into the national conversation, handily shortened to EQ, thanks to a new book, Emotional Intelligence by Daniel Goleman. Goleman, a Harvard psychology Ph.D. and a New York Times science writer with a gift for making even the most difficult scientific theories digestible to lay readers, has brought together a decade"s worth of behavioral research into how the mind processes feelings. His goal, he announces on the cover, is to redefine what it means to be smart. His thesis: when it comes to predicting people"s success, brainpower as measured by IQ and standardized achievement tests may actually matter less than the qualities of mind once thought of as "character" before the word began to sound old-fashioned.

　　At first glance, there would seem to be little that"s new here to any close reader of fortune cookies. There may be no less original idea than the notion that our hearts hold dominion over our heads. "I was so angry," we say, "I couldn"t think straight." Neither is it surprising that "people skills" are useful, which amounts to saying, it"s good to be nice. "It"s so true it"s trivial," says Dr. Paul McHugh, director of psychiatry at Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine. But if it were that simple, the book would not be quite so interesting or its implications so controversial.

　　This is no abstract investigation. Goleman is looking for antidotes to restore "civility to our streets and caring to our communal life." He sees practical applications everywhere for how companies should decide whom to hire, how couples can increase the odds that their marriages will last, how parents should raise their children and how schools should teach them. When street gangs substitute for families and schoolyard insults end in stabbings, when more than half of marriages end in divorce, when the majority of the children murdered in this country are killed by parents and stepparents, many of whom say they were trying to discipline the child for behavior like blocking the TV or crying too much, it suggests a demand for remedial emotional education.

　　And it is here the arguments will break out. Goleman"s highly popularized conclusions, says McHugh, "will chill any veteran scholar of psychotherapy and any neuroscientist who worries about how his research may come to be applied." While many researchers in this relatively new field are glad to see emotional issues finally taken seriously, they fear that a notion as handy as EQ invites misuse. Goleman admits the danger of suggesting that you can assign a numerical value to a person"s character as well as his intellect; Goleman never even uses the phrase EQ in his book. But he did somewhat reluctantly approve an "unscientific" EQ test in USA Today with choices like "I am aware of even subtle feelings as I have them," and "I can sense the pulse of a group or relationship and state unspoken feelings."

　　"You don"t want to take an average of your emotional skill," argues Harvard psychology professor Jerome Kagan, a pioneer in child-development research. "That"s what"s wrong with the concept of intelligence for mental skills too. Some people handle anger well but can"t handle fear. Some people can"t take joy. So each emotion has to be viewed differently." EQ is not the opposite of IQ. Some people are blessed with a lot of both, some with little of either. What researchers have been trying to understand is how they complement each other; how one"s ability to handle stress, for instance, affects the ability to concentrate and put intelligence to use. Among the ingredients for success, researchers now generally agree that IQ counts for about 20%; the rest depends on everything from class to luck to the neural pathways that have developed in the brain over millions of years of human evolution.

21世纪大学英语第四册Unit6课文详析读写教程2

　　EQ

　　(abbr.)emotional quotient 情商

　　interact

　　vi. (with) act or have an effect on each other 相互作用;相互影响

　　marshmallow

　　n. soft sweet made from sugar and gelatine 果汁软糖

　　torment

　　n. severe physical or mental suffering (肉体或精神上的)折磨，痛苦

　　vt. cause severe suffering to 折磨;使痛苦

　　errand

　　n. small job that requires a short journey, usu. for sb. else (短程的)差事，差使

　　hard-earned

　　a. gained with great difficulty or effort 辛苦挣来的

　　survey

　　n. investigation 调查

　　adventurous

　　a. eager for or fond of adventure 渴望冒险的，喜欢冒险的

　　dependable

　　a. that may be depended on 可信赖的，可靠的

　　scholastic

　　a. of schools and education 学校的;教育的;学业的

　　aptitude

　　n. natural ability or skill 天生的才能或技巧;天资

　　brilliance

　　n. the quality of being brilliant 光辉，辉煌;壮丽;(卓越的)才华，才智

　　woolly

　　a. 羊毛(制)的;产羊毛的;像羊毛的

　　mismatch

　　vt. match (people or things) wrongly or unsuitably 使错配，配合不当

　　sock

　　n. short stocking covering the ankle and lower part of the leg 短袜

　　ignite

　　v. (cause to) catch fire, burn (使)着火，燃烧;发光

　　dim

　　v. (cause to) become dim (使)变暗淡;(使)变模糊;(使)失去光泽

　　impulsive

　　a. (of people and their behavior) marked by sudden action that is undertaken without careful thought (指人或人的行为)凭冲动的;易冲动的

　　messy

　　a. in a state of disorder; dirty: causing dirt or disorder 凌乱的;脏的;搞乱的;搞脏的

　　upbeat

　　a. optimistic or cheerful 乐观的;快乐的

　　resilient

　　a. 1. 有弹性的，有回弹力的;能复原的

　　2. 有复原力的;富有活力的;适应性强的

　　empathy

　　n. ability to imagine and share another person"s feelings, experience, etc. 同情;同感;共鸣

　　handily

　　ad. 灵巧地，熟练地;轻易地;近便地

　　digestible

　　a. that can be digested; relatively easy to understand 可消化的;可吸收的.;较易理解的

　　behavioral

　　a. of behavior 行为的

　　thesis

　　n. 1. statement or theory put forward and supported by argument 论题，命题;论点

　　2. long written essay submitted by a candidate for a university degree; dissertation 毕业论文;学位论文

　　standardize

　　vt. make(sth.)conform to a fixed standard, shape, quality, type, etc. 使(某事物)标准化;使合乎标准(或规格)

　　fortune

　　n. 1. large amount of money; wealth 大笔的钱;财

　　2. chance; luck 机会;运气

　　3. person"s destiny or future; fate 命运;前途

　　cookie

　　n. biscuit 饼干

　　fortune cookie

　　(U.S.)thin biscuit, folded to hold a printed message (e.g.a proverb, prophecy or joke) served in Chinese restaurants (美)签语饼(*餐馆的折叠形小饼，内有纸条，上写预测运气的格言或幽默套语)

　　dominion

　　n. (over) rule; powerful authority; effective control 统治;管辖;支配;控制

　　straight

　　ad. clearly, logically 清晰地;有条理地

　　controversial

　　a. causing or likely to cause argument or disagreement 引起争论的;有争议的

　　abstract

　　a. existing in thought or as an idea but not having a physical or practical existence 抽象的

　　antidote

　　n. 解毒药;(喻)矫正方法，对抗手段

　　civility

　　n. fact or act of showing politeness; act of being civilized 礼貌，客气，谦恭

　　communal

　　a. 1. of or referring to a commune or a community 公共的;社区的，集体的

　　2. for the use of all; shared 公用的;共有的

　　odds

　　n. (pl.) probability or chance 可能性;机会

　　schoolyard

　　n. 校园;操场

　　stab

　　vt. pierce(sth.) or wound (sb.) with a pointed tool or weapon; push (a knife, etc.) into sb./sth. 戳(某物);刺(某人);用(刀等)刺(或戳、捅)某人(或某物)

　　stabbing

　　n. instance of stabbing or being stabbed 用利器伤人

　　stepparent

　　n. 继父，后父;继母，后母

　　remedy

　　n. 药品;治疗(法);补救办法;纠正办法

　　vt. 医治;治疗;补救;纠正

　　remedial

　　a. 补救的;纠正的;补习的

　　popularize

　　vt. 1. make (sth.) generally liked 使(某事物)被大家喜欢，使受大家欢迎

　　2. make (sth.) known or available to the general public, esp. by presenting it in an easily understandable form 使(某事物)众所周知;使普及

　　chill

　　vt. 1. make cold 使变冷;使冷却;使感到冷

　　2. discourage 使沮丧;使扫兴

　　n. 寒冷;风寒;冷淡;沮丧;扫兴

　　scholar

　　n. person who studies an academic subject dee* 学者

　　psychotherapy

　　n. treatment of mental disorders by psychological methods 精神疗法;心理疗法

　　neuroscientist

　　n. 神经系统科学家

　　handy

　　a. (of an object, tool, machine, etc.) easy to use; useful for some purpose 便于使用的;有用的

　　numerical

　　a. of, expressed in or representing numbers 数字的;用数字表示的;代表数字的

　　approve

　　vt. 1. have a positive opinion of 赞成;称许

　　2. accept, permit or officially agree to 批准;允许;对…表示认可

　　neural

　　a. the nerves 神经的

　　pathway

　　n. way or track made for or by people walking 小路，小径(= path)

21世纪大学英语第四册Unit6课文详析读写教程3

　　one by one

　　separately; individually in order 一个一个地;依次地

　　right now

　　immediately; at this moment 立即;此刻

　　run an errand

　　carry messages or perform similar minor tasks 跑腿，办事(如送信、买东西等)

　　hold out

　　refuse to give in 坚持;坚定不移;不屈服

　　early on

　　soon after the start of a past event 在初期;早先

　　shy away from

　　avoid or move away from out of shyness, fear, etc. (由于羞怯或恐惧等)躲开，避开;回避

　　over time

　　as time goes by 随着时间过去

　　come in

　　have a part to play in sth. 在某事中起作用

　　show up

　　1. become visible; become increasingly vivid or obvious 显现出来;变得更鲜明;变得更醒目

　　2. appear; arrive; be present; turn up 出现;来到;出席;露面

　　at/on sight

　　as soon as sb./sth. is seen 一见就

　　in the face of

　　1. in spite of 不顾

　　2. confronted by 面对;在…面前

　　when it comes to

　　1. when the subject is; on the subject of 谈到;涉及

　　2. when dealing with 在处理…时

　　amount to

　　1. add up to; reach the total of 合计;共计

　　2. be equal to; be the equivalent of 等于;相当于

　　substitute for

　　serve as a substitute for, replace 代替

　　end in

　　have as a result or conclusion 以…为结果;以…告终

　　break out

　　start suddenly 突然发生;爆发

　　put...to use

　　use...for a particular purpose 使用

　　count for

　　be worth 值;(在数量、比例方面)占

21世纪大学英语读写教程第三册第6课内容解析60篇（扩展7）

——21世纪大学英语读写教程第三册第5单元课文详析60篇

21世纪大学英语读写教程第三册第5单元课文详析1

　　1. As you listen to the passage, write down the idioms and expressions that match each definition below. Warning: One of the definitions fits two expressions that you"ll hear.

　　______ a) a child who learns to survive by observing life on city streets

　　______ b) competitive strategies used in business

　　______ c) 100% American

　　______ d) unhealthy food

　　______ e) a popular American dessert

　　______ f) an activity, decision, problem, etc., that concerns only family members

　　2. How would you answer Li"s last question?

21世纪大学英语读写教程第三册第5单元课文详析2

　　Michael Dobbs

　　America can be a strange experience for a foreigner. My wife and I arrived in the United States in January after seven years overseas — four in France, three in Poland. From the jumble of first impressions, we compiled an A-to-Z explanation of why America can be such a foreign country to those who arrive here from Europe.

　　I should explain at the outset that I am from Britain, but my Florida-born wife Lisa is as American as apple pie. In our list, however, A doesn"t stand for apple pie. It stands for:

　　Ambition. In the Old World, people are taught to hide it. Here it"s quite proper to announce that you"re after the boss"s job or want to make a million dollars by the age of 30.

　　Breakfast. The American habit of conducting business at breakfast has reached Europe, but I doubt it will ever really catch on. In France and Britain, breakfast is a family affair. Here, it"s become part of the power game.

　　Credit Cards. You really can"t leave home without them. It"s interesting, and somewhat frustrating, to discover that bad credit is better than no credit at all: I was refused a VISA card on the grounds that I didn"t have a credit profile.

　　Dreams. The American Dream is still very much alive. Dreaming great dreams is what keeps American society going — from the waitress who wants to become a car dealer to the street kid who wants to become a basketball star. Europeans dream dreams too, but don"t seem to believe in them so much.

　　Exercise. A couple of years ago I came to Washington with some French journalists. As our bus passed a health club on the way to the hotel, the French visitors cheered at the sight of body-conscious Americans bending, stretching and leaping around. America"s obsession with physical fitness really amuses — and puzzles — Europeans.

　　First names. In Europe, people progress in a natural and orderly way from the use of last names to the use of first names. Here, it"s first names at first sight. This can cause confusion for Europeans. With everyone on a first-name basis, how can you tell your acquaintances from your friends?

　　Gadgets. These can be addictive. It"s difficult to imagine now how we survived for so long without automatic ice machines and microwave ovens.

　　Hardware Stores. If I were in charge of arranging the programs of visiting delegations from lessdeveloped countries, I"d include a compulsory visit to a hardware store. These temples of American capitalism reveal a whole range of American values, from the do-it-yourself pioneer spirit through a love of comfort that absolutely astonishes most foreigners.

　　Insurance. Americans have policies to cover every possible risk, no matter how remote. So far, we"ve refused supplementary insurance for our car radio, death insurance for our mortgage and accident insurance for our cat. It gives us a feeling of living dangerously.

　　Junk food. Anyone who wants to understand why Americans suffer from higher rates of cancer and heart disease only has to look at what they eat.

　　Ketchup. I had to come to America to discover that it can be eaten with anything — from French fries to French cheese.

　　Lines. American lines — beginning with the yellow line at immigration control — are the most orderly in the world. The British queue, once internationally renowned, has begun to decay in recent years. The French queue was never very impressive, and the Italian line is sim* a mob.

　　Money. In Europe, everybody likes money, but no one shows it off. Unless it"s been in the family for several generations, there"s often an assumption that it was acquired dishonestly. In America, no one cares how you got it.

　　No smoking. No longer just a polite request in America, this phrase has become the law. Nobody would dare ask a Frenchman to put out his Galoise in a restaurant.

　　Oliver North. What other major Western democracy lets army officers take over foreign policy? A hero for some, a traitor for others, Ollie (see First Names) is an example of an American recklessness that awes and alarms Europeans.

　　Patriots. They exist everywhere, of course, but the American version is louder and more self-conscious than the European. In Britain, it"s taken for granted that politicians love their country. Here, they"re expected to prove it.

　　Quiet. American cities are quieter than European cities — thanks to noise controls on automobiles and to recent environmental legislation. This was a major surprise for someone brought up to assume that America was a noisy place.

　　Religion. The idea of putting preachers on TV is alarming to Europeans. It"s even more alarming to see them in action.

　　Sales. Ever since arriving in Washington, we"ve been hurrying to take advantage of this week"s unrepeatable offer, only to discover that it"s usually repeated next week. We"re just catching on that there"s always an excuse for a sale.

　　Television. That grown-ups can watch game shows and sitcoms at 11 AM amazes me — but the national habit, day or night, is contagious. I recently found myself nodding in agreement with a professor who was saying that American kids watch too much television. Then I realized that I was watching him say this on television.

　　Ulcers. See Work.

　　Visas. Americans don"t need visas to visit Britain (or most European countries, for that matter). To enter the United States, I had to sign a document promising that I would not overthrow the government by force and had no criminal record. One wonders if many terrorists and criminals answer "yes" on these questionnaires.

　　Work. People in less developed countries often imagine that they can become rich sim* by emigrating to America. But America became a wealthy society through work, work and more work. It"s still true.

　　X-rated movies. We have them in Europe too, but not on motel-room TVs.

　　Yuppies. The European counterpart remains a pale shadow of the all-American original. The animal seems more ambitious, and more common, on this side of the Atlantic.

　　Zillion. What other nation would invent a number that"s infinitely more than a billion? America may not always be the best, but it certainly thinks big.

21世纪大学英语读写教程第三册第5单元课文详析3

　　jumble

　　n. a confused or untidy group of things 杂乱的一堆

　　* compile

　　vt. produce by putting together many pieces (e.g., of information) 汇编;编制

　　outset

　　n. beginning 开始;起始

　　ambition

　　n. strong desire for success, power, money, etc. 对(成功、权力、金钱等的)强烈欲望，野心;雄心

　　profile

　　n. 1. a short article or programme which describes a person"s life and character 传略，人物简介

　　2. a side view, esp. of sb."s head; a shape of sth. seen against a background 侧面，侧影;轮廓

　　vt. 1. 写…的传略

　　2. 给…画侧面像;描…的轮廓

　　* dealer

　　n. a person whose business involves buying and selling 商人;证券经纪人

　　journalist

　　n. a person who works on a newspaper or magazine and writes articles for it 新闻记者;报纸撰稿人

　　journal

　　n. 1. a magazine for people with a particular interest 杂志，期刊

　　2. an account which one writes of one"s daily activities 日志;日记

　　leap (leapt or leaped)

　　vi. jump high in the air or jump a long distance 跳跃

　　n. a sudden jump or movement; a sudden increase in number, amount, etc. 跳跃;激增

　　* obsession

　　n. a fixed idea from which the mind cannot be freed 着迷;困扰

　　physical fitness

　　healthy body conditions 身体健康

　　amuse

　　vt. make (sb.) laugh; cause to spend time in a pleasant way 逗乐;给…提供娱乐或消遣

　　amusing

　　a. (of sth.) that makes people laugh 有趣的;逗笑的

　　orderly

　　a. well arranged or organized 有条理的;整齐的

　　confusion

　　n. 1. the state of being mixed up, more difficult to understand 辨别不清;混淆

　　2. disorder 骚乱;混乱

　　confuse

　　vt. make more difficult to understand; cause to be mistaken; mix up 使模糊不清;混淆;使混乱

　　acquaintance

　　n. 1. a person you know, but who is not a close friend 相识的人;熟人

　　2. knowledge of or familiarity with sb./sth. 了解;认识

　　gadget

　　n. (infml) a small machine or device 小巧的机械;精巧的装置

　　addictive

　　a. (使人)入迷的;(使人)上瘾的

　　microwave

　　n. 微波;微波炉

　　oven

　　n. 烤炉，烤箱

　　microwave oven

　　n. 微波炉

　　delegation

　　n. 代表团

　　delegate

　　n. 代表;会议代表

　　vt. 1. appoint as one"s representative 委派…为代表

　　2. entrust (duties, rights, etc. to sb.) 授权;把…委托给(某人)

　　* capitalism

　　n. 资本主义(制度)

　　do-it-yourself

　　n. & a. (the activity of) making or repairing things oneself 自己动手(的)，自行维修(的)

　　* supplementary

　　a. additional 补充的，增补的

　　* mortgage

　　n. 抵押;抵押贷款

　　vt. use (one"s land or house) as a guarantee to the lending institution in order to borrow money from it 抵押

　　ketchup

　　n. (= catchup) 调味番茄酱

　　fry

　　n. (see French fry)

　　v. cook (food) in hot fat or oil 油煎，油炸

　　French fries

　　(美)法式炸薯条

　　immigration

　　n. the coming of people into a country in order to work or settle there 移居;移民

　　queue

　　n. a line of people waiting (for a bus, to be served, to enter a place, etc.) (排队等候的)一队人

　　vi. form or join a line 排队(等候)

　　* renowned

　　a. famous; well-known 有名的;享有声誉的

　　impressive

　　a. 给人以深刻印象的;感人的`

　　* mob

　　n. (often derog.) a large, disorganized and often violent crowd of people [贬]人群;乌合之众

　　assumption

　　n. 1. sth. that is taken as true without proof 假定;臆断

　　2. the taking (of power or responsibility) 夺取;篡夺

　　democracy

　　n. a country or a system of government in which the people choose their government or make important decisions by voting 民主;民主国家;民主政治

　　traitor

　　n. a person who is disloyal, esp. to his country 卖*，叛徒

　　recklessness

　　n. 不顾后果，鲁莽

　　* reckless

　　a. (of a person or one"s behaviour) not caring about danger or the result of one"s actions 不顾后果的，鲁莽的

　　* patriot

　　n. a person who shows love for and loyalty to his or her country *

　　patriotic

　　a. having or expressing the quality of a patriot 爱国的;有爱国心的

　　legislation

　　n. l. laws 法律，法规

　　2. the act of making laws 立法，法律的制定

　　preacher

　　n. 传道士，牧师

　　* preach

　　v. 1. make known (a particular religion) by speaking in public 布道

　　2. advise or urge others to accept (a thing or course of behaviour) 竭力劝说;说教

　　grown-up

　　n. 成年人

　　sitcom

　　n. (infml) situation comedy 情景喜剧

　　contagious

　　a. 1. (of a feeling or attitude) spreading quickly from person to person (情绪等)感染性的

　　2. (of a disease) that can spread from person to person (疾病)传染的

　　ulcer

　　n. 溃疡

　　* visa

　　n. 签证

　　document

　　n. a paper that gives information, proof or support of sth. 文件

　　vt. 1. 为…提供文件(或证据等)

　　2. (在影片、小说中)纪实性地描述

　　* overthrow

　　vt. defeat; remove from official power 推翻;打倒

　　criminal

　　a. of or related to crime 犯罪的;犯法的

　　n. a person who is guilty of a crime 罪犯

　　* questionnaire

　　n. a written list of questions to be answered by a number of people in order to get information for a survey, etc. 调查表，问题单

　　* emigrate

　　vi. leave one"s own country to live in another one 移居国外

　　X-rated

　　a. (电影等)X级的，禁止(十六岁以下)儿童观看的

　　* motel

　　n. hotel specially built for people traveling by car 汽车旅馆

　　yuppie

　　n. 雅皮士(Young Urban Professional的缩写，即城市职业阶层中的年轻人士)

　　* ambitious

　　a. having a strong desire for success, power, riches, etc. 有野心的，有抱负的

　　zillion

　　n. (sl.) 无限大的数目，无法计算的大数目

21世纪大学英语读写教程第三册第5单元课文详析4

　　the ABCs

　　the most basic facts about a subject (学科等的)基本知识;入门

　　at the outset

　　at the beginning 首先，一开始

　　stand for

　　represent; mean 代表;意味着

　　be after sth.

　　in search of sth.; with a desire for sth. 追求

　　catch on

　　1. become popular 流行起来

　　2. understand 懂得，理解

　　on (the) ground(s) that

　　because 根据，以…为理由

　　at the sight of

　　as soon as seeing (sth. or sb.) 一见之下;立即

　　leap around

　　jump about 跳来跳去

　　at first sight

　　when seen or examined for the first time 乍一看，一见之下

　　be on a first-name basis [with sb.]

　　call (sb.) by his or her first name (因关系亲密而)相互直呼其名

　　tell A from B

　　distinguish A from B 辨别，分辨

　　be in charge of sth.

　　be responsible for 管理，负责

　　so far

　　up to the present 迄今为止

　　put out

　　cause (sth.) to stop burning 熄灭

　　bring up

　　nurture and educate (a child) 养育;教育

　　take advantage of

　　make use of; profit from 利用

　　in agreement with

　　赞同，同意

　　by force

　　by fierce or violent means 用武力或强迫手段

　　think big

　　have ambitious ideas 野心勃勃，好高骛远

21世纪大学英语读写教程第三册第6课内容解析60篇（扩展8）

——21世纪大学英语读写教程第一册单元2内容解析 (菁选3篇)

21世纪大学英语读写教程第一册单元2内容解析1

　　Listening

　　First Listening

　　Before listening to the tape, have a quick look at the following words.

　　conversation

　　谈话

　　comment on

　　评论

　　bowling

　　保龄球

　　lane

　　球道

　　connect

　　联系

　　converse

　　交谈

　　switch

　　转换

　　Second Listening

　　Listen to the tape again. Then, choose the best answer to each of the following questions.

　　1. What was the main cause of the problem discussed in the listening?

　　A) She was using a Western style in conversations among the Japanese.

　　B) She insisted on speaking English even though she was in Japan.

　　C) She spoke the Japanese language poorly.

　　D) She was an American woman married to a Japanese man.

　　2. Which of the following comparisons does the listening make about Japanese and Western conversational styles?

　　A) The Japanese style is like tennis and the Western style is like volleyball.

　　B) The Western style is more athletic than the Japanese style.

　　C) The Japanese style is like bowling and the Western style is like tennis.

　　D) The Japanese style is like singles tennis and the Western style is like doubles.

　　3. The author considers the Western conversational style to be ____________.

　　A) more interactive (互动的)

　　B) louder

　　C) more personal

　　D) better

　　4.The author considers the Japanese conversational style to be ____________.

　　A) easier to adjust to(适应)

　　B) more strictly (严谨地) organized

　　C) more traditional

　　D) better

　　5.The author concludes that ____________.

　　A) once you know the differences, it is easy to adjust to them

　　B) because she is American, she will never really understand Japan

　　C) life will be much easier for her students than it was for her

　　D) it remains difficult to switch from one style to another

　　Pre-reading Questions

　　1.Look at the title and guess what this passage is about.

　　2. Go over the first paragraph quickly and find out who the author is. Is she a Japanese born and educated in the United States or an American married to a Japanese?

　　3. Have you ever talked with a native speaker of English? What problems have you encountered in talking with a foreigner?

　　Conversational Ballgames

　　Nancy Masterson Sakamoto

　　After I was married and had lived in Japan for a while, my Japanese gradually improved to the point where I could take part in simple conversations with my husband, his friends, and family. And I began to notice that often, when I joined in, the others would look startled, and the conversation would come to a halt. After this happened several times, it became clear to me that I was doing something wrong. But for a long time, I didn"t know what it was.

　　Finally, after listening carefully to many Japanese conversations, I discovered what my problem was. Even though I was speaking Japanese, I was handling the conversation in a Western way.

　　Japanese-style conversations develop quite differently from western-style conversations. And the difference isn"t only in the languages. I realized that just as I kept trying to hold western-style conversations even when I was speaking Japanese, so were my English students trying to hold Japanese-style conversations even when they were speaking English. We were unconsciously playing entirely different conversational ballgames.

　　A western-style conversation between two people is like a game of tennis. If I introduce a topic, a conversational ball, I expect you to hit it back. If you agree with me, I don"t expect you sim* to agree and do nothing more. I expect you to add something — a reason for agreeing, another example, or a remark to carry the idea further. But I don"t expect you always to agree. I am just as happy if you question me, or challenge me, or completely disagree with me. Whether you agree or disagree, your response will return the ball to me.

　　And then it is my turn again. I don"t serve a new ball from my original starting line. I hit your ball back again from where it has bounced. I carry your idea further, or answer your questions or objections, or challenge or question you. And so the ball goes back and forth.

　　If there are more than two people in the conversation, then it is like doubles in tennis, or like volleyball. There"s no waiting in line. Whoever is nearest and quickest hits the ball, and if you step back, someone else will hit it. No one stops the game to give you a turn. You"re responsible for taking your own turn and no one person has the ball for very long.

　　A Japanese-style conversation, however, is not at all like tennis or volleyball, it"s like bowling. You wait for your turn, and you always know your place in line. It depends on such things as whether you are older or younger, a close friend or a relative stranger to the previous speaker, in a senior or junior position, and so on.

　　The first thing is to wait for your turn, patiently and politely. When your moment comes, you step up to the starting line with your bowling ball, and carefully bowl it. Everyone else stands back, making sounds of polite encouragement. Everyone waits until your ball has reached the end of the lane, and watches to see if it knocks down all the pins, or only some of them, or none of them. Then there is a pause, while everyone registers your score.

　　Then, after everyone is sure that you are done, the next person in line steps up to the same starting line, with a different ball. He doesn"t return your ball. There is no back and forth at all. And there is always a suitable pause between turns. There is no rush, no impatience.

　　No wonder everyone looked startled when I took part in Japanese conversations. I paid no attention to whose turn it was, and kept snatching the ball halfway down the alley and throwing it back at the bowler. Of course the conversation fell apart, I was playing the wrong game.

　　This explains why it can be so difficult to get a western-style discussion going with Japanese students of English. Whenever I serve a volleyball, everyone just stands back and watches it fall. No one hits it back. Everyone waits until I call on someone to take a turn. And when that person speaks, he doesn"t hit my ball back. He serves a new ball. Again, everyone just watches it fall. So I call on someone else. This person does not refer to what the previous speaker has said. He also serves a new ball. Everyone begins again from the same starting line, and all the balls run parallel. There is never any back and forth.

　　Now that you know about the difference in the conversational ballgames, you may think that all your troubles are over. But if you have been trained all your life to play one game, it is no simple matter to switch to another, even if you know the rules. Tennis, after all, is different from bowling.

21世纪大学英语读写教程第一册单元2内容解析2

　　Listening

　　First Listening

　　Before listening to the tape, have a quick look at the following words.

　　conversation

　　谈话

　　comment on

　　评论

　　bowling

　　保龄球

　　lane

　　球道

　　connect

　　联系

　　converse

　　交谈

　　switch

　　转换

　　Second Listening

　　Listen to the tape again. Then, choose the best answer to each of the following questions.

　　1. What was the main cause of the problem discussed in the listening?

　　A) She was using a Western style in conversations among the Japanese.

　　B) She insisted on speaking English even though she was in Japan.

　　C) She spoke the Japanese language poorly.

　　D) She was an American woman married to a Japanese man.

　　2. Which of the following comparisons does the listening make about Japanese and Western conversational styles?

　　A) The Japanese style is like tennis and the Western style is like volleyball.

　　B) The Western style is more athletic than the Japanese style.

　　C) The Japanese style is like bowling and the Western style is like tennis.

　　D) The Japanese style is like singles tennis and the Western style is like doubles.

　　3. The author considers the Western conversational style to be ____________.

　　A) more interactive (互动的)

　　B) louder

　　C) more personal

　　D) better

　　4.The author considers the Japanese conversational style to be ____________.

　　A) easier to adjust to(适应)

　　B) more strictly (严谨地) organized

　　C) more traditional

　　D) better

　　5.The author concludes that ____________.

　　A) once you know the differences, it is easy to adjust to them

　　B) because she is American, she will never really understand Japan

　　C) life will be much easier for her students than it was for her

　　D) it remains difficult to switch from one style to another

　　Pre-reading Questions

　　1.Look at the title and guess what this passage is about.

　　2. Go over the first paragraph quickly and find out who the author is. Is she a Japanese born and educated in the United States or an American married to a Japanese?

　　3. Have you ever talked with a native speaker of English? What problems have you encountered in talking with a foreigner?

　　Conversational Ballgames

　　Nancy Masterson Sakamoto

　　After I was married and had lived in Japan for a while, my Japanese gradually improved to the point where I could take part in simple conversations with my husband, his friends, and family. And I began to notice that often, when I joined in, the others would look startled, and the conversation would come to a halt. After this happened several times, it became clear to me that I was doing something wrong. But for a long time, I didn"t know what it was.

　　Finally, after listening carefully to many Japanese conversations, I discovered what my problem was. Even though I was speaking Japanese, I was handling the conversation in a Western way.

　　Japanese-style conversations develop quite differently from western-style conversations. And the difference isn"t only in the languages. I realized that just as I kept trying to hold western-style conversations even when I was speaking Japanese, so were my English students trying to hold Japanese-style conversations even when they were speaking English. We were unconsciously playing entirely different conversational ballgames.

　　A western-style conversation between two people is like a game of tennis. If I introduce a topic, a conversational ball, I expect you to hit it back. If you agree with me, I don"t expect you sim* to agree and do nothing more. I expect you to add something — a reason for agreeing, another example, or a remark to carry the idea further. But I don"t expect you always to agree. I am just as happy if you question me, or challenge me, or completely disagree with me. Whether you agree or disagree, your response will return the ball to me.

　　And then it is my turn again. I don"t serve a new ball from my original starting line. I hit your ball back again from where it has bounced. I carry your idea further, or answer your questions or objections, or challenge or question you. And so the ball goes back and forth.

　　If there are more than two people in the conversation, then it is like doubles in tennis, or like volleyball. There"s no waiting in line. Whoever is nearest and quickest hits the ball, and if you step back, someone else will hit it. No one stops the game to give you a turn. You"re responsible for taking your own turn and no one person has the ball for very long.

　　A Japanese-style conversation, however, is not at all like tennis or volleyball, it"s like bowling. You wait for your turn, and you always know your place in line. It depends on such things as whether you are older or younger, a close friend or a relative stranger to the previous speaker, in a senior or junior position, and so on.

　　The first thing is to wait for your turn, patiently and politely. When your moment comes, you step up to the starting line with your bowling ball, and carefully bowl it. Everyone else stands back, making sounds of polite encouragement. Everyone waits until your ball has reached the end of the lane, and watches to see if it knocks down all the pins, or only some of them, or none of them. Then there is a pause, while everyone registers your score.

　　Then, after everyone is sure that you are done, the next person in line steps up to the same starting line, with a different ball. He doesn"t return your ball. There is no back and forth at all. And there is always a suitable pause between turns. There is no rush, no impatience.

　　No wonder everyone looked startled when I took part in Japanese conversations. I paid no attention to whose turn it was, and kept snatching the ball halfway down the alley and throwing it back at the bowler. Of course the conversation fell apart, I was playing the wrong game.

　　This explains why it can be so difficult to get a western-style discussion going with Japanese students of English. Whenever I serve a volleyball, everyone just stands back and watches it fall. No one hits it back. Everyone waits until I call on someone to take a turn. And when that person speaks, he doesn"t hit my ball back. He serves a new ball. Again, everyone just watches it fall. So I call on someone else. This person does not refer to what the previous speaker has said. He also serves a new ball. Everyone begins again from the same starting line, and all the balls run parallel. There is never any back and forth.

　　Now that you know about the difference in the conversational ballgames, you may think that all your troubles are over. But if you have been trained all your life to play one game, it is no simple matter to switch to another, even if you know the rules. Tennis, after all, is different from bowling.

21世纪大学英语读写教程第一册单元2内容解析3

　　conversational

　　a. 会话的，交谈的

　　conversation

　　n. an informal talk in which people exchange news, feelings, and thoughts 谈话; 会谈

　　ballgame

　　n. any game played with a ball 球类活动

　　gradually

　　ad. in a way that happens or develops slowly over a long period of time 逐渐

　　startle

　　vt. make suddenly surprised or slightly shocked 使惊吓，使惊奇

　　halt

　　n. a stop or pause 停住，停止

　　v. stop (使)停住，(使)停止

　　handle

　　vt. deal with 处理，应付

　　unconsciously

　　ad. not consciously 无意识地，不知不觉地

　　challenge

　　vt. 向…挑战;对…质疑

　　n. 挑战;质疑

　　disagree

　　vi. (with) have or express a different opinion from sb. else 有分歧，不同意

　　response

　　n. an answer; (an) action done in answer 回答;回应;反应

　　original

　　a. first; earliest 起初的;原来的

　　bounce

　　vi. (of a ball) spring back or up again from the ground or another surface (球)弹起，(球)反弹

　　objection

　　n. sth. that one says to show that he /she opposes or disapproves of an action, idea, etc. 反对，异议

　　forth

　　ad. forward; out 向前;向外

　　responsible

　　a. having the job or duty of looking after sb. or sth., so that one can be blamed if things go wrong 须负责的，有责任的

　　bowling

　　n. 保龄球

　　relative

　　a. having a particular quality when compared with sth. else 相对的，比较的

　　n. a member of one"s family; relation 亲属;亲戚

　　previous

　　a. coming before in time or order 先前的，以前的

　　junior

　　a. of lower rank or position; younger 级别或地位较低的.，年资较浅的;年少的，较年幼的

　　bowl

　　vt. 把(球)投向球瓶

　　lane

　　n. 球道;车道;胡同，小巷

　　pin

　　n. 球瓶;大头针，别针

　　register

　　vt. record 记录，登记

　　suitable

　　a. 合适的;适当的

　　impatience

　　n. 不耐烦;急躁

　　*snatch

　　vt. get hold of (sth.) hastily; take in a hurry, esp. forcefully 抓住;夺，夺得

　　alley

　　n. 小巷，小街，胡同;球道

　　bowler

　　n. 投球手

　　apart

　　ad. into pieces 成碎片

　　parallel

　　a. running side by side but never getting nearer to or further away from each other *行的，并列的

　　switch

　　vi. change 改变，转移

　　Phrases and Expressions

　　Join in

　　take part in (an activity) 参加，参与

　　come to a halt

　　stop 停住，停止;停顿

　　even if/though

　　in spite of the fact that; no matter whether 即使;尽管

　　just as

　　正如;同样地

　　back and forth

　　来回地，反复地

　　and so on

　　and other things of this kind 等等

　　knock down

　　make (sth.) fall by hitting or pushing it 击倒;撞倒

　　fall apart

　　break; fall to pieces; end in failure 破裂;破碎;以失败告终

　　call on /upon

　　formally ask (sb.) to do sth. 号召;请求

　　refer to

　　mention; speak about 谈到，提及

　　after all

　　when all is said or done 毕竟

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