2021年上半年英语四级语法自测练习题

　2021 年上半年英语四级语法自测练习题 1. 常用介词用法

　1.The play begins at 6: 40 pm. So we have to be at the theatre ____ 6:30 pm at the latest. A. after

　B. around

　C. until

　D. by 2. They held a ceremony _____ those killed in the battle. A. in honor of

　B. instead of

　C. in favor of

　D. by means of 3. After finishing middle school, my sister did nothing ____ at home. A. but to read

　B. but read

　C. besides reading

　D. except to read 4. Write your name and address on your bag ____ you lose it. A. in any case

　B. in case

　C. in no case

　D. in that case 5. — ________ did the professor give you much advice? — The choice of a career. A. On what

　B. In what C. What

　D. For what 6. I made coat ________ my own hands. It was made ________ hand not with a machine. A. in; in

　B. in; with

　C. with; by

　D. with; with 7. He is running ________ the wind towards the east of the station ________ Tom running ________ the right. A. down; and; on

　B. against; with; on

　C. for; with; in

　D. with; while; to 8. Not all of us know the difference ________ wheat, oats

　and barley. A. among

　B. between

　C. from

　D. in 9. The young singer is quite popular ________ the public. She’s made a remarkable achievement ________ a girl of her age. A. with; to

　B. to; for

　C. with; for

　D. for; to 10. The apple trees have lots of big apples ________ them. And some birds are singing ________ the trees. A. in; on

　B. at; in

　C. on; in

　D. with; through 11. That woman will quarrel ________ everybody ________ anything. A. about; about

　B. about; with

　C. with; about

　D. with; with 12. The weather this month has been good ________ . A. on the whole

　B. generally speaking

　C. above all

　D. on one hand 13. We should divide all the potatoes ________ two piles and separated the good ones ________ the bad ones. A. from; by

　B. into; from

　C. into; into

　D. from; into 14. They said the building would be completed ________ a year. A. after

　B. for

　C. in

　D. about 15. — These boxes are too heavy for me to carry. — Here, I’ll give you a hand ________ them. A. for

　B. to

　C. with

　D. by 参考答案

　1. D。从“戏剧在下午 6:40 开始”可知到达剧院的时间最迟不应晚于 6:30。A 项表示“下午 6:30 后到剧院”，C 项表示“在剧院呆到下午 6:30 为止”，均不合题意。B 项干扰性最强，around 意为“左右，大约”, 但在 6:30 pm 后有 at the latest“最晚”,二者相矛盾。C 项 by 是 not later than(不迟于)之意，整合题意。

　2. A。in honour of 意为“为庆祝(为向. . . 表示敬意,为纪念”;instead of 意为“代替; 而不是”;in favor of 意为“赞成;支持”;by means of 意为“通过; 用; 借助于”。根据句意“他们举行了纪念阵亡战士的仪式”可知答案为 A(from www.yygrammar.com)。

　3. B。but, except 和 besides 都有“除…之外”的意思，但没有”，相当于 not including. 另外，but 后面可接不定式 to do,但如果 but 前面有实义动词 dbesides 是“除…之外，还”的意思，等于 in addition to; 而 except, but 是“除…之外， o 的任何形式，不定式省略 to。

　4. B。in any case 意为“在任何情况下”;in case 意为“以防万一，如果”;in no case 意为“决不”;in that case 意为“如果那样的话”。句意为“在你的包上写上名字和地址以防丢失”。

　5. A。“教授给你提的什么建议?”“择业”。“关于…的建议”

　应用介词 on。

　6. C。by hand 意为“用手工”;with“用”, 表示使用的工具, 手段，如 He hit it with a hammer. 7. B。against the wind“逆风”;on the right 意为“在后边”;介词 with 与一个复合结构构成短语，用作状语，说明状态、方式等。

　8. B。一般说来，between 用于两者之间，among 表示三者和三者以上之间。但有时说的虽然是三个以上的人或东西，如果强调的是两两相互间的关系，适用于 between. 如：The soldier is hidden between the trees. 在谈论事物间的差别时总是用 between. 9. C。词组 be popular with 意为“受…欢迎”，for“就…而论，比较…而言”。

　10. C。介词 on 意为“在…之上，依附于”;in 意为“(表场所，位置)在……之内 / 上”in the tree 译为“在树上”。

　11. C。quarrel with sb. about / over 意为“和某人争论某事”。句意为“那个女人无论碰到什么事儿, 总是和别人争吵不休”。

　12. A。on the whole 意为“总的来说;从总体上看”;generally speaking“一般说来”;above all 意为“首先，最重要的”;on one hand 意为“一方面”。句意为“这个月的天气基本上是好的” (fromwww.yygrammar.com)。

　13. B。divide…into 和 separate…from 都有“把……分开”的意思。但前者指“把整体分成若干部分”，后者指“把连在一起的

　分开”。

　14. C。in, after 这两个介词都可以用来表达“在若干时间之后”。in 可以用于将来时态或一般过去时态的句子中;after 用于一般过去时，如果表示某时刻之后或某件事之后，则不受时态的限制。

　15. C。答语中的 them 指前一句的 boxes。Give sb. a hand with sth. / in(at) doing sth. 意为“帮助某人做某事”。

　2. 非谓语动词

　1. The flu is believed ________ by viruses that like to reproduce in the cells inside the human nose and throat. A. cause

　B. being caused

　C. to be caused

　D. to have caused 2. The flowers ________ sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature. A. to smell

　B. smelling

　C. smelt

　D. to be smelt 3. The disc, digitally ________ in the studio, sounded fantastic at the party that night. A. recorded

　B. recording

　C. to be recorded

　D. having recorded 4. Having been attacked by terrorists, ________ . A. doctors came to their rescue

　B. the tall building collapsed C. an emergency measure was taken

　D. warnings were given to tourists 5. Robert is said ________ abroad, but I don’t know what country he studied in. A. to have studied

　B. to study

　C. to be studying

　D. to have been studying 6. The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see ________ the next year. A. carried out

　B. carrying out

　C. carry out

　D. to carry out 7. I’ve worked with child before, so I know what ________ in my new job.

　A. expected

　B. to expect

　C. to be expecting

　D. expect 8. ________ such heavy pollution already, it may now be too late to clean up the river. A. Having suffered

　B. Suffering

　C. To suffer

　D. Suffered 9. Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it remains ________ whether they will enjoy it. A. to see

　B. to be seen

　C. seeing

　D. seen 10. The research is so designed that once ________ nothing can be done to change it. A. begins

　B. having begun

　C. beginning

　D. begun

　311. It is said that in Australia there is more land than the government knows ________. A. it what to do with

　B. what to do it with C. what to do with it

　D. to do what with it 12. A cook will be immediately fired if he is found ________ in the kitchen. A. smoke B. smoking

　C. to smoke

　D. smoked 13. I’m going to the supermarket this afternoon. Do you have anything ________ ? A. to be buying

　B. to buy

　C. for buying

　D. bought 14. The pilot asked all the passengers on board to remain ________ as the plane was making a landing. A. seat

　B. seating

　C. seated

　D. to be seating 15. Victor apologized for ________ to inform me of the change in the plan. A. his being not able

　B. him not to be able C. his not being able

　D. him to be not able 答案解析

　1. C. 因为 be believed /thought /supposed /said /reported等后要接动词不定式，排除 A 和 B;又因为 the flu 与 cause 是被动关系，所以要用不定式的被动式。The flu is believed to be caused by...=It is believed /People believe that the flu is caused by... 2. B. 一是因为“发出香味”与“吸引游客”是同时发生的，且smell 作为连系动词没有被动形式，所以答案选 B。

　3. A. 因为 the disc(唱片)与 record(录制)是被动关系，这又是已经发生了的事，所以要用过去分词短语作定语(from www.yygrammar.com)。

　4. B. 非谓语动词作状语时，其逻辑主语必须与句子主语一致。根据句意，受到攻击的应是“高楼”，而不是其他，故选 B。

　5. A。此题考查不定式的完成时。“据说他曾到国外留过学”，

　由 studied 可知“留学”这个动作已结束并发生在谓语动作 is said之前，所以要用完成式。

　6. A。此句考查过去分词作宾语补足语。句子结构较复杂,句中的 that 引导一个定语从句，它替代先行词 the plan 在从句中作 see的宾语，the plan 与 carry out 是被动关系，因此，用过去分词作宾补。即 see the plan carried out the next year. 7. B。此题考查疑问词+不定式在句中作宾语。I know what to expect in my new job. 意为“我知道在新工作中期待什么”。

　8. A。本句考查现在分词的完成时作状语。句意为“遭受如此严重的污染之后，现在净化这条河也许为时已晚了”。有 already 暗示可知 suffer 发生在 clean up 之前，因此要用现在分词的完成式作状语。

　9. B。remain 作“尚待”解，要接不定式作表语，it 是形式主语，指代 whether they will enjoy it。see 与 it 之间是动宾关系，因此用不定式的被动式。it remains to be seen 是习惯用语，意为“还要看情况发展”。

　10. D。“连词+分词”作状语时，其逻辑主语为句子的主语。句子主语与分词的之间是主动关系时用现在分词，被动关系用过去分词。the research 与 begin 是被动关系，因此用过去分词begun(fromwww.yygrammar.com)。

　11. C。此题的考查目标与 NMET2000 同。what to do with 为常用搭配结构，意为“处置，利用”。句意为“据说澳大利亚有太多陆

　地，政府不知如何利用”。

　12. B。find 后面可以接由“宾语+ 现在分词/过去分词/ 不带to 的不定式”构成的复合宾语结构。现在分词表主动，过去分词表被动，不定式表示动作已经发生。根据句意“如果厨师被发现在厨房吸烟，立即就会被解雇”可知 cook 与 smoke 之间是主动关系，应用现在分词。find sb. doing sth 意为“发现某人正在做某事”。

　13. B。考查不定式作定语。不定式作后置定语，一般用主动形式表示被动意义。句意为“今下午我要去超级市场，你有东西要买吗?” 14. C。考查过去分词作表语。句意为“飞机登陆时，飞行员要求所有飞机上的乘客坐着不动”。remain 是系动词，seated 作表语，表示状态。

　15. C。考查动名词的复合结构作宾语。动名词的复合结构的否定式由“名词所有格或物主代词+not+动名词”构成。句意为“Victor 因没能通知我计划的改变向我道歉”。

　3. 词汇 练习

　1.This watch is _______ by hand, not by machine, so it is very expensive. A.flat B.coined C.bored D.manufactured

　2.These two horses look so much alike that we can not _______ one from the other. A.differ B.detail C.distinguish D.defeat 3.The president of that company was very calm during the political _______. A.failure B.fashion C.proceed D.crisis 4._______ is usually the chief enemy of the camera lens. A.O**asion B.vain C.Moisture D.Deck 5.The _______ left the ship after sixty hours of hard struggle. A.dash B.cell C.crew

　D.gay 6.On our way to Beijing, we visited Xi’an, a city of two million _______, and stayed there for two days. A. insects B.human C.inhabitants D.flights 7.One of the main reasons for air pollution is that many cars _______ smoke into the atmosphere. A.gather B.hire C.discharge D.escape 8.Don’t forget to _______ to let us know you arrived safely. A.cable B.cage C.border D.bay 9.She gave him a _______ that she could not come to his party. A.mistress

　B.shoot C.neck D.hint 10....

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